International Nanobody Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
School of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2021 Mar 22;16:2337-2356. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S297631. eCollection 2021.
The development of monoclonal antibody treatments for successful tumor-targeted therapies took several decades. However, the efficacy of antibody-based therapy is still confined and desperately needs further improvement. Nanobodies are the recombinant variable domains of heavy-chain-only antibodies, with many unique properties such as small size (~15kDa), excellent solubility, superior stability, ease of manufacture, quick clearance from blood, and deep tissue penetration, which gain increasing acceptance as therapeutical tools and are considered also as building blocks for chimeric antigen receptors as well as for targeted drug delivery. Thus, one of the promising novel developments that may address the deficiency of monoclonal antibody-based therapies is the utilization of nanobodies. This article provides readers the significant factors that the structural and biochemical properties of nanobodies and the research progress on nanobodies in the fields of tumor treatment, as well as their application prospect.
单克隆抗体治疗的发展历经数十年，成功实现了肿瘤靶向治疗。然而，抗体疗法的疗效仍然有限，迫切需要进一步提高。纳米抗体是重链抗体的重组可变区，具有许多独特的性质，如体积小（约 15kDa）、溶解性好、稳定性高、易于制造、血液清除快、组织穿透深等，作为治疗工具越来越受到认可，并被认为是嵌合抗原受体以及靶向药物递送的构建模块。因此，利用纳米抗体可能是解决单克隆抗体治疗方法缺陷的一个很有前途的新发展方向。本文为读者提供了纳米抗体的结构和生化特性的重要因素，以及纳米抗体在肿瘤治疗领域的研究进展，及其应用前景。
