College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Rd., Beijing, 100101, China.
Int J Biometeorol. 2019 Jan;63(1):107-119. doi: 10.1007/s00484-018-1640-1. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
Southwest China (SWC), characterized by complex climate, undulating topography, intertwined mountains and basins, and diverse ecosystem, is a global hotspot in biodiversity. SWC also is sensitive to climate change, the effects of which can be expressed through alterations in bio-climatology indicators. In this study, we investigated the trends of the key bio-climatology indicators, including mean temperature of the warmest month (TWM), mean temperature of the coldest month (TCM), accumulated temperature above 5 °C (AT) and 10 °C (AT), number of days with daily mean temperature above 5 °C (DT) and 10 °C (DT), annual precipitation (P), precipitation days (DP), and moisture index (MI). The 105 meteorological stations data from 1961 to 2015 were selected to examine the trend of these indexes in SWC. The results suggested that TWM and TCM both experienced a significant upward trend, with the more pronounced increase in TCM than that in TWM. TWM increased by 0.011 °C year and TCM increased by 0.025 °C year. AT, AT, DT, and DT also exhibited increasing trend, with AT > AT and DT > DT, and the trend in DT was found to be less significant than that in AT. The increment of AT, AT, DT, and DT were 6.452 °C year, 7.158 °C year, 0.164 days year, and 0.263 days year, respectively. P, DP, and MI showed a downward trend, among which DP experienced a significant decrease with - 1.018 days year. In general, SWC tends to be drier and warmer, which may alter the structure and function of the local ecosystem, further then affect the role as a global diversity hotspot.
中国西南地区（SWC）以复杂的气候、起伏的地形、交错的山脉和盆地以及多样化的生态系统为特征，是生物多样性的全球热点地区。SWC 也对气候变化敏感，其影响可以通过生物气候学指标的变化来表达。在这项研究中，我们调查了关键生物气候学指标的趋势，包括最热月平均温度（TWM）、最冷月平均温度（TCM）、高于 5°C（AT）和 10°C（AT）的累积温度、日平均温度高于 5°C（DT）和 10°C（DT）的天数、年降水量（P）、降水天数（DP）和湿度指数（MI）。我们选择了 1961 年至 2015 年的 105 个气象站数据，以检查这些指标在中国西南地区的趋势。结果表明，TWM 和 TCM 都经历了显著的上升趋势，TCM 的上升幅度比 TWM 更为明显。TWM 每年增加 0.011°C，TCM 每年增加 0.025°C。AT、AT、DT 和 DT 也呈上升趋势，AT>AT 和 DT>DT，并且 DT 的趋势比 AT 的趋势不明显。AT、AT、DT 和 DT 的增量分别为 6.452°C 年、7.158°C 年、0.164 天年和 0.263 天年。P、DP 和 MI 呈下降趋势，其中 DP 呈显著下降趋势，每年减少-1.018 天。总的来说，SWC 趋于干燥和温暖，这可能会改变当地生态系统的结构和功能，进而影响其作为全球多样性热点地区的作用。
