Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2018 Dec;7(4):171-182. doi: 10.1007/s13668-018-0253-y.
Dairy products contain both beneficial and harmful nutrients in relation to cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we provide the latest scientific evidence regarding the relationship between dairy products and cardiometabolic diseases by reviewing the literature and updating meta-analyses of observational studies.
We updated our previous meta-analyses of cohort studies on type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke with nine studies and confirmed previous results. Total dairy and low-fat dairy (per 200 g/d) were inversely associated with a 3-4% lower risk of diabetes. Yogurt was non-linearly inversely associated with diabetes (RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83-0.90 at 80 g/d). Total dairy and milk were not associated with CHD (RR~1.0). An increment of 200 g of daily milk intake was associated with an 8% lower risk of stroke. The latest scientific evidence confirmed neutral or beneficial associations between dairy products and risk of cardiometabolic diseases.
乳制品中的营养成分与心血管代谢疾病的关系既有有益的也有有害的。在此，我们通过综述文献并更新观察性研究的荟萃分析，提供了关于乳制品与心血管代谢疾病之间关系的最新科学证据。
我们用九项研究更新了之前关于 2 型糖尿病、冠心病（CHD）和中风的队列研究的荟萃分析，并证实了之前的结果。总乳制品和低脂乳制品（每天 200 克）与糖尿病风险降低 3-4%呈负相关。酸奶与糖尿病呈非线性负相关（RR=0.86，95%CI：0.83-0.90，在 80 克/天）。总乳制品和牛奶与 CHD 无关（RR~1.0）。每天摄入 200 克牛奶的增量与中风风险降低 8%相关。最新的科学证据证实了乳制品与心血管代谢疾病风险之间的中性或有益关联。
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