a The Rothman Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Thomas Jefferson University Hospital , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
b Faculty of Medicine , American University of Beirut , Beirut , Lebanon.
Phys Sportsmed. 2019 May;47(2):205-211. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1546108. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Mixed martial arts (MMA) has witnessed a surge in popularity worldwide. This study explores the musculoskeletal and head injuries sustained in the professional fights of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), and establishes associations between injury profiles and impactful contributory factors.
The Nevada State Athletic Commission database was screened for ringside physician reports of UFC fights between January 2016 and July 2018. Information on the fighter's gender, weight, injury, way of finish, and match result were collected. Injury rates were calculated and statistical analyses were conducted to determine significant associations among variables. P-values <0.05 were considered significant (95% CI).
A total of 291 injuries were recorded in 285 fights from nine weight divisions. The overall injury rate was 51 per 100 athletic exposures (AE). Males predominantly partook in 249 matches (87%) and had higher injury rates (54 injuries per 100 AE) than females (30 injuries per 100 AE). Decision was the most common way a match ended. Knockouts (KOs) were significantly higher in males (36%) than in females (14%, P = 0.0007). Submissions were significantly higher in females (36%) than in males (16%, P = 0.001). Head injuries (67%) were the most common injuries reported with a rate of 34 per 100 AE. Upper limb injuries were significantly higher in females (40%) than in males (14%, P = 0.0003). Lower limb injuries were significantly higher in males (19%) than in females (5%, P = 0.01). Head injuries were significantly associated with KOs (P < 0.0001). Upper limb injuries (P = 0.032) and lower limb injuries (P = 0.034) were significantly associated with matches that ended with Decision. Trend-line analyses showed that as weight division increases, overall injury rates, head injuries, lower limb injuries, and KOs' frequency increase, whereas upper limb injuries, Submission frequency, and Decision frequency decrease.
MMA has a high injury rate. Gender, way of finish, and weight play an important role in predicting fight outcomes and injury profiles. Injury prevention policies must be entertained to limit injury risk in MMA.
综合格斗（MMA）在全球范围内受到了广泛的欢迎。本研究旨在探讨终极格斗锦标赛（UFC）职业比赛中运动员所遭受的肌肉骨骼和头部损伤，并确定损伤类型与相关影响因素之间的关联。
从 2016 年 1 月至 2018 年 7 月期间，对内华达州体育委员会的数据库进行了筛选，以获取 UFC 比赛中场边医生报告的信息。收集了运动员的性别、体重、损伤、比赛结果等信息。计算了损伤发生率，并进行了统计学分析，以确定变量之间的显著关联。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义（95%置信区间）。
共记录了 285 场比赛中的 291 例损伤，涉及 9 个体重级别。总体损伤发生率为 51/100 次运动暴露（AE）。男性运动员在 249 场比赛（87%）中占比更高，损伤发生率（54 例/100 AE）高于女性运动员（30 例/100 AE）。决定是最常见的比赛结束方式。KO 在男性（36%）中明显高于女性（14%，P=0.0007），而在女性（36%）中明显高于男性（16%，P=0.001）。头部损伤（67%）是报告最多的损伤类型，发生率为 34/100 AE。上肢损伤在女性（40%）中明显高于男性（14%，P=0.0003）。下肢损伤在男性（19%）中明显高于女性（5%，P=0.01）。头部损伤与 KO 显著相关（P<0.0001）。上肢损伤（P=0.032）和下肢损伤（P=0.034）与以决定结束的比赛显著相关。趋势线分析表明，随着体重级别的增加，整体损伤率、头部损伤、下肢损伤和 KO 的频率增加，而上肢损伤、降服频率和决定频率下降。
MMA 的损伤发生率较高。性别、比赛结果和体重在预测比赛结果和损伤类型方面起着重要作用。必须制定伤病预防政策，以降低 MMA 中的伤病风险。
