Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Section of Horticultural Economic, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov 8;15(11):2497. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15112497.
Short sleep duration appears to put adults at risk of excessive energy intake and obesity; less is known specifically about how sleep quantity relates to dietary patterns. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the associations of dietary patterns (DPs) with short sleep duration. The data were collected in November 2016 through a cross-sectional quantitative survey among 972 Polish adults with both normal weight and excessive weight. Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted to derive DPs. Logistic regression analysis was used to verify associations between short sleep duration (independent variable) and DPs (dependent variables). Five DPs ('Fast foods & sweets'-FF&S; 'Meat & meat products'-M&MP; 'Fruit & vegetable'-F&V; 'Wholemeal food'-WF; and 'Fruit & vegetable juices'-F&VJ) were identified. Adults whose diet was based both on fruit and vegetables (OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44⁻0.88; < 0.01) and on fast food and sweets (OR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.44⁻0.99; < 0.01) were less likely to be short sleepers on weekdays. On weekdays short sleep duration was associated with smaller odds of FF&S both for men (OR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.33⁻0.97; < 0.05) and for women (OR 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38⁻0.98; < 0.05), and with smaller odds of F&V (OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.20⁻0.58; < 0.001) for men. Short sleep duration on weekend days was associated with a smaller odds of F&VJ (OR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.30⁻0.96; < 0.05- only in crude model) and higher odds of F&V (OR 1.70, 95% CI: 1.02⁻3.11; < 0.05) for women, and with a smaller odds of FF&S (OR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.17⁻0.79; < 0.05) for men. The number of significant associations between dietary patterns and sleep duration was higher among people with normal weight and overweight compared to those with BMI ≥ 30. We found that both short sleep duration on weekdays and weekend days was associated with some dietary patterns including both healthy and unhealthy DPs. Gender significantly differed these relationships in groups with normal and excessive weight. Findings of the study confirmed the potential effectiveness of combined use of sleep duration and dietary patterns in the development of recommendations for prevention of obesity. Future studies are called for to evaluate these links using dietary patterns identified according to food intake.
睡眠时间短似乎会使成年人面临过度摄入能量和肥胖的风险；具体来说，睡眠时间与饮食模式的关系知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是评估饮食模式（DPs）与睡眠时间短之间的关系。数据于 2016 年 11 月通过对 972 名体重正常和超重的波兰成年人进行的横断面定量调查收集。采用主成分分析（PCA）得出 DPs。使用逻辑回归分析验证睡眠时间短（自变量）与 DPs（因变量）之间的关联。确定了 5 种 DPs（“速食和甜食”-FF&S；“肉和肉产品”-M&MP；“水果和蔬菜”-F&V；“全麦食品”-WF；和“水果和蔬菜汁”-F&VJ）。饮食既基于水果和蔬菜（OR 0.62，95%CI：0.44⁻0.88； < 0.01）和快餐和甜食（OR 0.63，95%CI：0.44⁻0.99； < 0.01）的成年人工作日睡眠不足的可能性较小。工作日睡眠不足与男性（OR 0.58，95%CI：0.33⁻0.97； < 0.05）和女性（OR 0.61，95%CI：0.38⁻0.98； < 0.05）的 FF&S 摄入量较小，以及男性（OR 0.34，95%CI：0.20⁻0.58； < 0.001）的 F&V 摄入量较小有关。周末睡眠不足与 F&VJ 摄入量（OR 0.56，95%CI：0.30⁻0.96； < 0.05-仅在粗模型中）和 F&V 摄入量（OR 1.70，95%CI：1.02⁻3.11； < 0.05）的几率较高有关，而男性的 FF&S（OR 0.37，95%CI：0.17⁻0.79； < 0.05）的几率较低。与 BMI≥30 的人相比，体重正常和超重的人睡眠时间与饮食模式之间的显著关联数量更多。我们发现，工作日和周末的睡眠时间短与包括健康和不健康 DPs 在内的某些饮食模式有关。在体重正常和超重的人群中，性别显著影响了这些关系。研究结果证实了综合使用睡眠时间和饮食模式在预防肥胖方面的建议的潜在有效性。未来的研究需要根据食物摄入量来评估这些联系。
