Binghamton University, State University of New York, United States.
University of California, Davis, United States.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2019 Oct;29:12-18. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.10.013. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
Physically salient stimuli, such as uniquely colored objects, seem to have an inherent power to capture our attention, but formal research on this topic has produced conflicting results and theories. Here, we review evidence that the attentional capture debate can be resolved by positing a new suppressive process. This suppressive process can occur before attentional shifting to prevent salient items from attracting attention. In the current article, we review converging evidence that salient items are suppressed to avoid attentional capture comes from studies of psychophysics, eye movements, single-unit recordings, and event-related potentials (ERPs). Crucially, the ability to inhibit salient distractors seems to be learned as participants gain experience with the simple features of the to-be-ignored stimuli.
物理上显著的刺激物，如具有独特颜色的物体，似乎具有内在的力量来吸引我们的注意力，但对这一主题的正式研究产生了相互矛盾的结果和理论。在这里，我们回顾了证据，证明可以通过假设一个新的抑制过程来解决注意力捕获的争论。这个抑制过程可以在注意力转移之前发生，以防止显著的项目吸引注意力。在本文中，我们回顾了来自心理物理学、眼动、单细胞记录和事件相关电位 (ERP) 研究的趋同证据，表明显著项目被抑制以避免注意力捕获。至关重要的是，随着参与者获得对要忽略的刺激的简单特征的经验，抑制显著干扰物的能力似乎是可以习得的。
