Cuevas Rivera Darío, Ott Florian, Markovic Dimitrije, Strobel Alexander, Kiebel Stefan J
Chair of Neuroimaging, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Chair of Differential and Personality Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2018 Oct 26;9:2053. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02053. eCollection 2018.
Most research on risk aversion in behavioral science with human subjects has focused on a component of risk aversion that does not adapt itself to context. More recently, studies have explored risk aversion adaptation to changing circumstances in sequential decision-making tasks. It is an open question whether one can identify evidence, at the single subject level, for such risk aversion adaptation. We conducted a behavioral experiment on human subjects, using a sequential decision making task. We developed a model-based approach for estimating the adaptation of risk-taking behavior with single-trial resolution by modeling a subject's goals and internal representation of task contingencies. Using this model-based approach, we estimated the subject-specific adaptation of risk aversion depending on the current task context. We found striking inter-subject variations in the adaptation of risk-taking behavior. We show that these differences can be explained by differences in subjects' internal representations of task contingencies and goals. We discuss that the proposed approach can be adapted to a wide range of experimental paradigms and be used to analyze behavioral measures other than risk aversion.
行为科学中针对人类受试者的大多数风险厌恶研究都集中在风险厌恶的一个不适应情境的组成部分上。最近，研究探讨了在顺序决策任务中风险厌恶对不断变化的情况的适应性。在单受试者层面上是否能够识别出这种风险厌恶适应性的证据，这还是一个悬而未决的问题。我们使用顺序决策任务对人类受试者进行了一项行为实验。我们开发了一种基于模型的方法，通过对受试者的目标和任务偶然性的内部表征进行建模，以单次试验分辨率估计冒险行为的适应性。使用这种基于模型的方法，我们根据当前任务情境估计了受试者特定的风险厌恶适应性。我们发现冒险行为适应性在受试者之间存在显著差异。我们表明，这些差异可以通过受试者对任务偶然性和目标的内部表征差异来解释。我们讨论了所提出的方法可以适用于广泛的实验范式，并用于分析除风险厌恶之外的行为测量。
