Contribution of cell wall peroxidase- and NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species to Alternaria brassicicola-induced oxidative burst in Arabidopsis.

Cell wall peroxidases and plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases are considered to be the main sources of the apoplastic oxidative burst in plants attacked by microbial pathogens. In spite of this established doctrine, approaches attempting a comparative, side-by-side analysis of the functions of extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the two enzymatic sources are scarce. Previously, we have reported the role of Arabidopsis NADPH oxidase RBOHD (respiratory burst oxidase homologue D) in plants challenged with the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola. Here, we present results on the activity of apoplastic class III peroxidases PRX33 (At3g49110) and PRX34 (At3g49120) investigated in the same Arabidopsis-Alternaria pathosystem. ROS generated by Arabidopsis peroxidases PRX33 and PRX34 increase the necrotic symptoms and colonization success of A. brassicicola. In addition, the knockdown of PRX33 and PRX34 transcript levels leads to a reduced number of host cells showing an extracellular burst of ROS after inoculation with A. brassicicola. Our results also reveal an age-dependent transcript distribution of ROS-producing peroxidase and NADPH oxidase enzymes, and some potential new components of the RBOHD, PRX33 and PRX34 signalling networks.