Solid and macroporous FeC/N-C nanofibers with enhanced electromagnetic wave absorbability.

A series of solid and macroporous N-doped carbon nanofibers composed of FeC nanoparticles (named as solid FeC/N-C NFs, solid FeC/N-C NFs-1, solid FeC/N-C NFs-2, macroporous FeC/N-C NFs, macroporous FeC/N-C NFs-1 and macroporous FeC/N-C NFs-2, respectively) were prepared through carbonization of as-electrospun nanofiber precursors. The results show that the magnetic FeC nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed homogeneously on the N-doped carbon fibers; as-prepared six materials exhibit excellent microwave absorption with a lower filler content in comparison with other magnetic carbon hybrid nanocomposites in related literatures. Particularly, the solid FeC/N-C NFs have an optimal reflection loss value (RL) of -33.4 dB at 7.6 GHz. For solid FeC/N-C NFs-2, the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) at RL value below -10 dB can be up to 6.2 GHz at 2 mm. The macroporous FeC/N-C NFs have a broadband absorption area of 4.8 GHz at 3 mm. The EAB can be obtained in the 3.6-18.0 GHz frequency for the thickness of absorber layer between 2 and 6 mm. These FeC-based nanocomposites can be promising as lightweight, effective and low-metal content microwave absorption materials in 1-18 GHz.