Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
Gene. 2019 Mar 1;687:166-172. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.031. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Plant aquaporins constitute a large family of proteins involved in facilitating the transport of water and small neutral molecules across biological membranes. In higher plants they are divided into several sub-families, depending on membrane-type localization and permeability to specific solutes. They are abundantly expressed in the majority of plant organs and tissues, and play a function in primary biological processes. Many studies revealed the significant role of aquaporins in acquiring abiotic stresses' tolerance. This review focuses on aquaporins belonging to PIPs sub-family that are permeable to water and/or carbon dioxide. Isoforms transporting water are involved in hydraulic conductance regulation in the leaves and roots, whereas those transporting carbon dioxide control stomatal and mesophyll conductance in the leaves. Changes in PIP aquaporins abundance/activity in stress conditions allow to maintain the water balance and photosynthesis adjustment. Broad analyses showed that tight control between water and carbon dioxide supplementation mediated by aquaporins influences plant productivity, especially in stress conditions. Involvement of aquaporins in adaptation strategies to dehydrative stresses in different plant species are discussed in this review.
植物水通道蛋白构成了一个庞大的蛋白质家族，参与促进生物膜中水和小中性分子的运输。在高等植物中，它们根据膜类型定位和对特定溶质的通透性分为几个亚家族。它们在大多数植物器官和组织中大量表达，并在主要的生物学过程中发挥作用。许多研究揭示了水通道蛋白在获得非生物胁迫耐受性方面的重要作用。本综述重点介绍了属于 PIP 亚家族的水通道蛋白，它们对水和/或二氧化碳具有通透性。运输水的同工型参与叶片和根中的水力传导调节，而运输二氧化碳的同工型控制叶片中的气孔导度和叶肉导度。在胁迫条件下，PIP 水通道蛋白丰度/活性的变化允许维持水平衡和光合作用的调节。广泛的分析表明，水通道蛋白介导的水和二氧化碳补充之间的紧密控制影响植物的生产力，特别是在胁迫条件下。本文综述了水通道蛋白在不同植物物种适应脱水胁迫的适应策略中的作用。
