Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora (IHSM La Mayora-UMA-CSIC), 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Nov 15;19(11):3612. doi: 10.3390/ijms19113612.
Self-incompatibility (SI) is one of the most efficient mechanisms to promote out-crossing in plants. However, SI could be a problem for fruit production. An example is apricot (), in which, as in other species of the Rosaceae, SI is determined by an S-RNase-based-Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility (GSI) system. Incompatibility relationships between cultivars can be established by an -allele genotyping PCR strategy. Until recently, most of the traditional European apricot cultivars were self-compatible but several breeding programs have introduced an increasing number of new cultivars whose pollination requirements are unknown. To fill this gap, we have identified the -allele of 44 apricot genotypes, of which 43 are reported here for the first time. The identification of in 15 genotypes suggests that those cultivars are self-compatible. In five genotypes, self-(in)compatibility was established by the observation of pollen tube growth in self-pollinated flowers, since PCR analysis could not allowed distinguishing between the and ₈ alleles. Self-incompatible genotypes were assigned to their corresponding self-incompatibility groups. The knowledge of incompatibility relationships between apricot cultivars can be a highly valuable tool for the development of future breeding programs by selecting the appropriate parents and for efficient orchard design by planting self-compatible and inter-compatible cultivars.
自交不亲和性 (SI) 是促进植物异交的最有效机制之一。然而，SI 可能会对果实生产造成问题。例如杏 (), 与蔷薇科的其他物种一样，SI 由基于 S-RNase 的配子体自交不亲和性 (GSI) 系统决定。通过 -allele 基因型 PCR 策略可以建立品种间的不亲和关系。直到最近，大多数传统的欧洲杏品种都是自交亲和的，但几个育种计划已经引入了越来越多的新品种，其授粉需求尚不清楚。为了填补这一空白，我们已经鉴定了 44 个杏基因型的 -allele，其中 43 个是首次报道。在 15 个基因型中鉴定出 表明这些品种是自交亲和的。在五个基因型中，通过观察自花授粉花朵中的花粉管生长来确定自交-(不)亲和性，因为 PCR 分析无法区分 和 ₈ 等位基因。自交亲和基因型被分配到它们相应的自交不亲和组中。杏品种间不亲和关系的知识可以成为未来育种计划的宝贵工具，通过选择合适的亲本，以及通过种植自交亲和和互交亲和的品种来有效设计果园。
