采用小外显子基因深度测序评估路易斯安那州自然感染的非人类灵长类动物中的克氏锥虫多样性。
Trypanosoma cruzi diversity in naturally infected nonhuman primates in Louisiana assessed by deep sequencing of the mini-exon gene.
机构信息
Department of Tropical Medicine, Vector-Borne and Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703 3 Rivers Rd, Covington, LA.
出版信息
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2019 May 1;113(5):281-286. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/try119.
BACKGROUND
Trypanosoma cruzi is a zoonotic pathogen of increasing relevance in the USA, with a growing number of autochthonous cases identified in recent years. The identification of parasite genotypes is key to understanding transmission cycles and their dynamics and consequently human infection. Natural T. cruzi infection is present in captive nonhuman primate colonies in the southern USA.
METHODS
We investigated T. cruzi genetic diversity through a metabarcoding and next-generation sequencing approach of the mini-exon gene to characterize the parasite genotypes circulating in nonhuman primates in southern Louisiana.
RESULTS
We confirmed the presence of T. cruzi in multiple tissues of 12 seropositive animals, including heart, liver, spleen and gut. The TcI discrete typing unit (DTU) predominated in these hosts, and specifically TcIa, but we also detected two cases of coinfections with TcVI and TcIV parasites, unambiguously confirming the circulation of TcVI in the USA. Multiple mini-exon haplotypes were identified in each host, ranging from 6 to 11.
CONCLUSIONS
The observation of multiple T. cruzi sequence haplotypes in each nonhuman primate indicates possible multiclonal infections. These data suggest the participation of these nonhuman primates in local parasite transmission cycles and highlight the value of these naturally infected animals for the study of human Chagas disease.
背景
克氏锥虫是一种人畜共患病病原体，在美国的相关性日益增加，近年来已发现越来越多的本地病例。寄生虫基因型的鉴定是了解传播周期及其动态以及人类感染的关键。美国南部的圈养非人灵长类动物群体中存在天然克氏锥虫感染。
方法
我们通过对小外显子基因进行代谢条形码和下一代测序的方法来研究克氏锥虫的遗传多样性，以描述路易斯安那州南部非人灵长类动物中循环的寄生虫基因型。
结果
我们在 12 只血清阳性动物的多个组织中证实了克氏锥虫的存在，包括心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肠道。这些宿主中主要存在 TcI 离散型单位（DTU），特别是 TcIa，但我们还检测到两例与 TcVI 和 TcIV 寄生虫的合并感染，明确证实了 TcVI 在美 国的传播。在每个宿主中都鉴定出了多个小外显子单倍型，从 6 到 11 个不等。
结论
在每只非人类灵长类动物中观察到多个克氏锥虫序列单倍型表明可能存在多克隆感染。这些数据表明这些非人类灵长类动物可能参与了当地的寄生虫传播周期，并强调了这些自然感染动物在研究人类恰加斯病方面的价值。
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