Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
SCF Pharma, Ste-Luce, QC G0K 1P0, Canada.
Mar Drugs. 2018 Nov 16;16(11):453. doi: 10.3390/md16110453.
During the last decade, essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosatetraenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) derived from marine sources have been investigated as nonpharmacological dietary supplements to improve different pathological conditions, as well as aging. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary n-3 PUFA monoacylglycerides (MAG, both EPA and DHA) on the mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress of a short-lifespan model, , sampled at five different ages. Our results showed that diets supplemented with MAG-EPA and MAG-DHA increased median lifespan by 14.6% and decreased mitochondrial proton leak resulting in an increase of mitochondrial coupling. The flies fed on MAG-EPA also had higher electron transport system capacity and mitochondrial oxidative capacities. Moreover, both n-3 PUFAs delayed the occurrence of lipid peroxidation but only flies fed the MAG-EPA diet showed maintenance of superoxide dismutase activity during aging. Our study therefore highlights the potential of n-3 PUFA monoacylglycerides as nutraceutical compounds to delay the onset of senescence by acting directly or indirectly on the mitochondrial metabolism and suggests that Drosophila could be a relevant model for the study of the fundamental mechanisms linking the effects of n-3 PUFAs to aging.
在过去的十年中，源自海洋的必需多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），如二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），已被作为非药物饮食补充剂进行研究，以改善多种病理状况以及衰老。本研究旨在确定膳食 n-3 PUFAs 单酰基甘油（MAG，同时包含 EPA 和 DHA）对短寿命模型的线粒体代谢和氧化应激的影响，该模型在五个不同的年龄段进行采样。我们的结果表明，补充 MAG-EPA 和 MAG-DHA 的饮食可将中位寿命延长 14.6%，并降低线粒体质子泄漏，从而增加线粒体偶联。摄入 MAG-EPA 的果蝇还具有更高的电子传递系统容量和线粒体氧化能力。此外，两种 n-3 PUFAs 均延迟了脂质过氧化的发生，但只有摄入 MAG-EPA 饮食的果蝇在衰老过程中保持了超氧化物歧化酶活性。因此，我们的研究强调了 n-3 PUFAs 单酰基甘油作为营养化合物的潜力，它们可通过直接或间接作用于线粒体代谢来延缓衰老的发生，并表明果蝇可能是研究将 n-3 PUFAs 的作用与衰老联系起来的基本机制的相关模型。
