San Lazaro Campillo Indra, Meaney Sarah, Sheehan Jacqueline, Rice Rachel, O'Donoghue Keelin
Pregnancy Loss Research Group, The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
National Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, 5th floor, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, T12 YE02, Ireland.
BMC Womens Health. 2018 Nov 19;18(1):188. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0682-1.
Spontaneous miscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy, occurring in up to 20% of pregnancies. Despite the prevalence of miscarriage, little is known regarding peoples' awareness and understanding of causes of pregnancy loss. The aim of this study was to explore university students' understanding of rates, causes and risk factors of miscarriage.
A cross-sectional study including university students. An online questionnaire was circulated to all students at the University College Cork using their university email accounts in April and May 2016. Main outcomes included identification of prevalence, weeks of gestation at which miscarriage occurs and causative risk factors for miscarriage.
A sample of 746 students were included in the analysis. Only 20% (n = 149) of students correctly identified the prevalence of miscarriage, and almost 30% (n = 207) incorrectly believed that miscarriage occurs in less than 10% of pregnancies. Female were more likely to correctly identify the rate of miscarriage than men (21.8% versus 14.5%). However, men tended to underestimate the rate and females overestimate it. Students who did not know someone who had a miscarriage underestimated the rate of miscarriage, and those who were aware of some celebrities who had a miscarriage overestimated the rate. Almost 43% (n = 316) of students correctly identified fetal chromosomal abnormalities as the main cause of miscarriage. Females, older students, those from Medical and Health disciplines and those who were aware of a celebrity who had a miscarriage were more likely to identify chromosomal abnormalities as a main cause. However, more than 90% of the students believed that having a fall, consuming drugs or the medical condition of the mother was a causative risk factor for miscarriage. Finally, stress was identified as a risk factor more frequently than advanced maternal age or smoking.
Although almost half of the participants identified chromosomal abnormalities as the main cause of miscarriage, there is still a lack of understanding about the prevalence and most important risk factors among university students. University represents an ideal opportunity for health promotion strategies to increase awareness of potential adverse outcomes in pregnancy.
自然流产是妊娠最常见的并发症，高达20%的妊娠会出现这种情况。尽管流产很常见，但人们对妊娠丢失原因的认识和理解却知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨大学生对流产发生率、原因及危险因素的理解。
一项针对大学生的横断面研究。2016年4月和5月，通过科克大学学院学生的大学电子邮箱向所有学生发放了一份在线问卷。主要结果包括对流产发生率的识别、流产发生的孕周以及流产的致病危险因素。
746名学生的样本纳入分析。只有20%（n = 149）的学生正确识别了流产的发生率，近30%（n = 207）的学生错误地认为流产发生率低于10%的妊娠。女性比男性更有可能正确识别流产率（21.8%对14.5%）。然而，男性倾向于低估发生率，而女性则倾向于高估。不认识流产者的学生低估了流产率，而知晓有明星流产的学生高估了流产率。近43%（n = 316）的学生正确识别出胎儿染色体异常是流产的主要原因。女性、年龄较大的学生、来自医学和健康学科的学生以及知晓有明星流产的学生更有可能将染色体异常识别为主要原因。然而，超过90%的学生认为摔倒、吸毒或母亲的健康状况是流产的致病危险因素。最后，压力被识别为危险因素的频率高于高龄产妇或吸烟。
尽管近一半的参与者将染色体异常识别为流产的主要原因，但大学生对发生率和最重要的危险因素仍缺乏了解。大学是开展健康促进策略以提高对妊娠潜在不良结局认识的理想场所。
