Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland, Building 75, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
Anal Chim Acta. 2019 Jan 3;1045:42-66. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.009. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
A core element in clinical diagnostics is the data interpretation obtained through the analysis of patient samples. To obtain relevant and reliable information, a methodological approach of sample preparation, separation, and detection is required. Traditionally, these steps are performed independently and stepwise. Microchip capillary electrophoresis (MCE) can provide rapid and high-resolution separation with the capability to integrate a streamlined and complete diagnostic workflow suitable for the point-of-care setting. Whilst standard clinical diagnostics methods normally require hours to days to retrieve specific patient data, MCE can reduce the time to minutes, hastening the delivery of treatment options for the patients. This review covers the advances in MCE for disease detection from 2008 to 2017. Miniaturised diagnostic approaches that required an electrophoretic separation step prior to the detection of the biological samples are reviewed. In the two main sections, the discussion is focused on the technical set-up used to suit MCE for disease detection and on the strategies that have been applied to study various diseases. Throughout these discussions MCE is compared to other techniques to create context of the potential and challenges of MCE. A comprehensive table categorised based on the studied disease using MCE is provided. We also comment on future challenges that remain to be addressed.
临床诊断学的一个核心要素是通过分析患者样本获得的数据解释。为了获得相关和可靠的信息，需要采用一种方法来进行样品制备、分离和检测。传统上，这些步骤是独立且逐步进行的。微芯片毛细管电泳（MCE）可以提供快速和高分辨率的分离，并且能够集成适用于即时护理环境的简化和完整的诊断工作流程。虽然标准的临床诊断方法通常需要数小时到数天才能获取特定的患者数据，但 MCE 可以将时间缩短到几分钟，从而加快为患者提供治疗方案的速度。本综述涵盖了 2008 年至 2017 年期间 MCE 在疾病检测方面的进展。本文回顾了在生物样品检测之前需要电泳分离步骤的小型化诊断方法。在这两个主要部分中，讨论的重点是用于适应 MCE 进行疾病检测的技术设置，以及应用于研究各种疾病的策略。在这些讨论中，将 MCE 与其他技术进行了比较，以了解 MCE 的潜力和挑战。我们还根据使用 MCE 研究的疾病提供了一个基于疾病的综合表格。我们还评论了仍需要解决的未来挑战。
