State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed GmbH, OT Gatersleben, Am Schwabeplan 8, 06466, Seeland, Germany.
Theor Appl Genet. 2019 Feb;132(2):489-500. doi: 10.1007/s00122-018-3236-x. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Additive and dominance effect QTL for grain yield and protein content display antagonistic pleiotropic effects, making genomic selection based on the index grain protein deviation a promising method to alleviate the negative correlation between these traits in wheat breeding. Grain yield and quality-related traits such as protein content and sedimentation volume are key traits in wheat breeding. In this study, we used a large population of 1604 hybrids and their 135 parental components to investigate the genetics and metabolomics underlying the negative relationship of grain yield and quality, and evaluated approaches for their joint improvement. We identified a total of nine trait-associated metabolites and show that prediction using genomic data alone resulted in the highest prediction ability for all traits. We dissected the genetic architecture of grain yield and quality-determining traits and show results of the first mapping of the derived trait grain protein deviation. Further, we provide a genetic analysis of the antagonistic relation of grain yield and protein content and dissect the mode of gene action (pleiotropy vs linkage) of identified QTL. Lastly, we demonstrate that the composition of the training set for genomic prediction is crucial when considering different quality classes in wheat breeding.
对于产量和蛋白质含量的加性和显性效应 QTL 表现出拮抗的多效性效应，使得基于指数籽粒蛋白质偏差的基因组选择成为缓解小麦育种中这些性状之间负相关的一种有前途的方法。产量和质量相关性状，如蛋白质含量和沉淀值，是小麦育种中的关键性状。在这项研究中，我们利用一个包含 1604 个杂种及其 135 个亲本成分的大群体，研究了谷物产量和质量之间负相关的遗传和代谢组学基础，并评估了联合改善这些性状的方法。我们总共鉴定出了 9 种与性状相关的代谢物，并表明仅使用基因组数据进行预测对所有性状都具有最高的预测能力。我们剖析了产量和品质决定性状的遗传结构，并展示了衍生性状籽粒蛋白质偏差的首次映射结果。此外，我们还提供了对籽粒产量和蛋白质含量之间拮抗关系的遗传分析，并剖析了所鉴定 QTL 的基因作用模式（多效性与连锁）。最后，我们证明了在考虑小麦育种中的不同质量等级时，基因组预测的训练集组成是至关重要的。
