University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2019 Jan;27(1):86-87. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.10.004. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
In this infographic we present the main tools available for the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii, which have enabled successful research on its biology, including its genetics, proteostasis, cell surface structures, metabolic pathways, and adaptation to high salt environments. Isolated from the Dead Sea in 1975, Haloferax volcanii thrives in high salt environments and has emerged as an important archaeal model system. An extensive repertoire of genetic, molecular biological, and biochemical tools has been developed for this fast-growing, easily cultivated haloarchaeon, including expression vectors and gene-deletion strategies, including CRISPR. Its low mutation rate and ability to grow on defined media allow straightforward application of methods such as metabolic labeling, and the sequenced genome laid the foundation for transcriptomics and proteomics studies. These tools have allowed examination of key pathways such as transcription, noncoding RNAs, protein synthesis and degradation, protein glycosylation, motility, and biofilm formation. With the collaborative spirit of the H. volcanii community, this model system has become invaluable not only for enhancing our understanding of archaea but also for improving the development of biotech applications.
在这个信息图中，我们展示了可用于嗜盐古菌 Haloferax volcanii 的主要工具，这些工具使对其生物学的成功研究成为可能，包括遗传学、蛋白质稳态、细胞表面结构、代谢途径以及对高盐环境的适应。Haloferax volcanii 于 1975 年从死海分离出来，在高盐环境中茁壮成长，已成为重要的古菌模型系统。为这种快速生长、易于培养的嗜盐古菌开发了广泛的遗传、分子生物学和生化工具，包括表达载体和基因缺失策略，包括 CRISPR。其低突变率和在定义培养基上生长的能力允许直接应用代谢标记等方法，测序基因组为转录组学和蛋白质组学研究奠定了基础。这些工具使人们能够研究关键途径，如转录、非编码 RNA、蛋白质合成和降解、蛋白质糖基化、运动性和生物膜形成。在 H. volcanii 社区的合作精神的推动下，这个模型系统不仅对于增强我们对古菌的理解，而且对于改进生物技术应用的开发都变得非常有价值。
