Amarh Flora Amerley, Agorku Eric Selorm, Voegborlo Ray Bright, Ashong Gerheart Winfred, Atongo George Atiah
Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hilla Limann Technical University, Wa, Ghana.
Heliyon. 2023 May 12;9(5):e16225. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16225. eCollection 2023 May.
Infants remain a high-risk group as far as exposure to toxic metals is concerned. The levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) in twenty-two (22) samples of baby foods and formulas were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The concentrations in (mg/kg) of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Sb were in the ranges 0.006-0.057, 0.043-0.064, 0.113-0.33, 0.000-0.002, 1.720-3.568, 0.065-0.183, 0.061-0.368 and 0.017-0.1 respectively. Health risk assessment indices like the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Cancer Risk (CR) and Hazard Index (HI) were calculated. EDI values of Hg, Cr, and As were below their recommended tolerable daily intake, that of Ni and Mn were lower in 95% of samples, and Cd was also lower in 50% of the samples. THQ values for As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, and Pb were 0.32-3.21, 0.75-1.10, 0.65-1.94, 0.00-0.37, 0.21-0.44, 0.08-0.12 and 0.26-1.13 respectively. The CR values were greater than 10, making them unacceptable for human consumption. HI values were between 2.68 and 6.83 (greater than 1), which implied that these metals are likely to pose non-carcinogenic health risks to infants.
就接触有毒金属而言，婴儿仍是高危人群。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了22份婴儿食品和配方奶粉样品中的铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）、铬（Cr）、锑（Sb）、汞（Hg）和砷（As）含量。砷、镉、铬、汞、锰、镍、铅和锑的浓度（mg/kg）范围分别为0.006 - 0.057、0.043 - 0.064、0.113 - 0.33、0.000 - 0.002、1.720 - 3.568、0.065 - 0.183、0.061 - 0.368和0.017 - 0.1。计算了估计每日摄入量（EDI）、目标危险商（THQ）、癌症风险（CR）和危险指数（HI）等健康风险评估指标。汞、铬和砷的EDI值低于其推荐的每日耐受摄入量，镍和锰的EDI值在95%的样品中较低，镉的EDI值在50%的样品中也较低。砷、镉、铬、汞、锰、镍和铅的THQ值分别为0.32 - 3.21、0.75 - 1.10、0.65 - 1.94、0.00 - 0.37、0.21 - 0.44、0.08 - 0.12和0.26 - 1.13。CR值大于10，使其不适合人类食用。HI值在2.68至6.83之间（大于1），这意味着这些金属可能对婴儿构成非致癌健康风险。
