Régnier Faustine, Dugré Manon, Darcel Nicolas, Adamiec Camille
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Alimentation et Sciences Sociales Unité de Recherche 1303, University of Paris Saclay, Ivry-sur-Seine cedex, France.
AgroParisTech, UMR 914 Physiology of Nutrition and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, France.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2018 Nov 23;6(11):e11176. doi: 10.2196/11176.
Health behaviors among low-income groups have become a major issue in the context of increasing social inequalities. The low-income population is less likely to be receptive to nutritional recommendations, but providing cooking advice could be more effective. In this domain, taking advantage of digital devices can be a bonus with its own challenges.
The aim of this study was to develop and deploy NutCracker, a social network-based cooking app for low-income population, including cooking tips and nutritional advices, aiming at creating small online communities. We further determined the usefulness, perceptions, barriers, and motivators to use NutCracker.
The smartphone app, designed jointly with beneficiaries of the social emergency services, was implemented in a disadvantaged neighborhood of Magny, (Paris region, France). Once the app became available, 28 subjects, living in the neighborhood, tested the app for a 6-month period. Logs to the app and usages were collected by the software. In total, 12 in-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted among the users and the social workers to analyze their uses and perceptions of the app relative to their interest in cooking, cooking skills, socioeconomic constraints, and social integration. These interviews were compared with 21 supplementary interviews conducted among low-income individuals in the general population.
NutCracker was developed as a social network-based app, and it includes cooking tips, nutritional advice, and Web-based quizzes. We identified barriers to uses (especially technical barriers, lack of knowledge in the field of new technologies and written comprehension, and search for real contacts) and motivators (in particular, good social integration, previous use of social networks, and help of children as intermediaries). Cooking skills were both a barrier and a lever.
Targeting the low-income groups through a cooking app to promote healthier behaviors offers many advantages but has not been fully explored. However, the barriers in low-income milieu remain high, especially among the less socially integrated strata. Lessons from this intervention allow us to identify barriers and possible levers to improve nutrition promotion and awareness in deprived areas, especially in the time of social crisis.
在社会不平等加剧的背景下，低收入群体的健康行为已成为一个主要问题。低收入人群不太可能接受营养建议，但提供烹饪建议可能会更有效。在这一领域，利用数字设备虽有好处，但也存在自身挑战。
本研究的目的是开发并部署一款名为“NutCracker”的基于社交网络的烹饪应用程序，面向低收入人群，提供烹饪小贴士和营养建议，旨在创建小型在线社区。我们进一步确定了使用NutCracker的有用性、认知、障碍和动机。
这款与社会紧急服务受益者联合设计的智能手机应用程序，在法国巴黎地区马格尼的一个弱势社区实施。应用程序上线后，居住在该社区的28名受试者对其进行了为期6个月的测试。软件收集了应用程序的日志和使用情况。总共对用户和社会工作者进行了12次深入的半结构化访谈，以分析他们对该应用程序的使用情况以及相对于烹饪兴趣、烹饪技能、社会经济限制和社会融合的认知。这些访谈与在普通人群中的低收入个体进行补充访谈的21个案例进行了比较。
NutCracker被开发为一款基于社交网络的应用程序，包括烹饪小贴士、营养建议和网络测验。我们确定了使用障碍（特别是技术障碍、在新技术领域缺乏知识和书面理解能力以及寻找真实联系人）和动机（尤其是良好的社会融合、先前使用社交网络以及儿童作为中介的帮助）。烹饪技能既是障碍也是助力。
通过烹饪应用程序针对低收入群体来促进更健康的行为有诸多优势，但尚未得到充分探索。然而，低收入环境中的障碍仍然很高，尤其是在社会融合程度较低的阶层中。这次干预的经验教训使我们能够识别障碍和可能的助力因素，以改善贫困地区的营养促进和意识，尤其是在社会危机时期。
