Sharma Bimala, Kim Ha Yun, Nam Eun Woo
Community Medicine Department, Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara Lekhnath, Kaski, Nepal.
Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea.
J Lifestyle Med. 2018 Jul;8(2):60-71. doi: 10.15280/jlm.2018.8.2.60. Epub 2018 Jul 31.
Multicomponent interventions that include both school and family or community involvements have the potential to cause significant changes in the levels of health in adolescents. To this end, KOICA and Yonsei Global Health Center implemented a school-based health promotion program from 2015 to 2016 in Northern Lima and Callao, Peru. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a school-based health promotion intervention on the health behaviors of school adolescents in Peru.
Health behaviors were measured using a standard self-administered questionnaire before and after the introduction of a school-based health promotion intervention in 2014 and 2016. The intervention was executed in secondary schools, specifically two schools from Lima and two from Callao, from April 2015 to November 2016. Two schools (one from each area) were selected as control schools. The interventions included health education, screening, and psychological counseling of vulnerable individuals as well as education for teachers and workshops with parents.
Descriptive statistics, chi-square test results, and logistic regression values were computed. Sample sizes were 332 and 255 in 2014 and 933 and 599 in 2016 in the intervention and control schools, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant improvement in the consumption of vegetables and in depression in the intervention schools. Suicide attempts, television-watching, video game use, Internet use, consumption of chips and sugary drinks, and being in fights did not decrease in the intervention group but did increase in the control group. Thus, the intervention might have prevented the worsening of these behaviors in the intervention schools.
The intervention had a positive effect on vegetable consumption and feeling depressed as well as on preventing the increase in sedentary behaviors, fighting, and suicide attempts.
包含学校、家庭或社区参与的多组分干预措施有可能使青少年的健康水平发生显著变化。为此，韩国国际协力团（KOICA）和延世全球健康中心于2015年至2016年在秘鲁利马北部和卡亚俄实施了一项基于学校的健康促进项目。本研究旨在评估一项基于学校的健康促进干预措施对秘鲁在校青少年健康行为的影响。
在2014年和2016年引入基于学校的健康促进干预措施前后，使用标准的自填式问卷对健康行为进行测量。干预措施于2015年4月至2016年11月在中学实施，具体是利马的两所学校和卡亚俄的两所学校。选择两所学校（每个地区各一所）作为对照学校。干预措施包括对弱势群体的健康教育、筛查和心理咨询，以及对教师的教育和与家长的工作坊。
计算了描述性统计数据、卡方检验结果和逻辑回归值。干预学校和对照学校在2014年的样本量分别为332和255，2016年分别为933和599。逻辑回归分析显示，干预学校的蔬菜摄入量和抑郁状况有显著改善。干预组的自杀未遂、看电视、玩电子游戏、使用互联网、食用薯片和含糖饮料以及打架行为并未减少，但对照组却有所增加。因此，该干预措施可能防止了干预学校中这些行为的恶化。
该干预措施对蔬菜摄入量、抑郁情绪以及预防久坐行为、打架和自杀未遂行为的增加具有积极作用。
