Dardis Christina M, Ullman Sarah E, Rodriguez Lindsey M, Waterman Emily A, Dworkin Emily R, Edwards Katie M
Towson University, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD 21252, USA.
Department of Criminology, Law and Justice, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7140, USA.
Addict Behav. 2021 May;116:106833. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106833. Epub 2021 Jan 16.
Whereas some prior studies have explored whether alcohol increases the risk for victimization and/or whether distress resulting from victimization increases the risk for alcohol use, few studies have simultaneously tested these bidirectional hypotheses among a high-risk sample (i.e., undergraduate women), while including both sexual assault (SA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization, and exploring potential moderating effects of PTSD symptoms on these paths. Among 631 college women, the present study tested these bidirectional associations using cross-lagged panel models across two measurement periods (i.e., Time 1 [T1] and Time 2 [T2], six months later). Results suggested that T1 alcohol use increased risk for T2 SA (but not T2 IPV victimization), and PTSD symptoms moderated this association; at lower levels of PTSD symptoms, there were no significant associations between alcohol use and subsequent SA victimization, whereas at higher levels of PTSD symptoms, alcohol use predicted subsequent SA victimization. By contrast, the opposite directional hypothesis was not supported; neither T1 lifetime SA nor IPV were associated with T2 drinking, regardless of the level of their PTSD symptoms. Prevention and intervention efforts should simultaneously address risk factors for alcohol use and victimization using trauma-informed practices.
尽管先前一些研究探讨了酒精是否会增加受害风险以及/或者受害所导致的痛苦是否会增加饮酒风险，但很少有研究在高风险样本（即本科女生）中同时检验这些双向假设，同时纳入性侵犯（SA）和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）受害情况，并探究创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状对这些路径的潜在调节作用。在631名大学女生中，本研究使用跨时滞面板模型在两个测量时间段（即时间1 [T1] 和六个月后的时间2 [T2]）检验了这些双向关联。结果表明，T1饮酒会增加T2性侵犯（但不是T2亲密伴侣暴力受害）的风险，且创伤后应激障碍症状调节了这种关联；在创伤后应激障碍症状水平较低时，饮酒与随后的性侵犯受害之间没有显著关联，而在创伤后应激障碍症状水平较高时，饮酒预示着随后的性侵犯受害。相比之下，相反方向的假设未得到支持；无论创伤后应激障碍症状水平如何，T1终身性侵犯和亲密伴侣暴力都与T2饮酒无关。预防和干预措施应采用创伤知情做法，同时解决饮酒和受害的风险因素。
