Towards an Algebra of Existence and Development of Unique Subjects with Unique Minds: a Commentary to Jens Mammen's Book.

In the commentary to Jens Mammen's book A New Logical Foundation for Psychology (2017), three issues are discussed. The first one concerns possible interrelations of: (a) others' irreplaceability and existential irretrievability rigorously proved by Mammen; and (b) morality and attitudes to the others. Lem's criticism of Heidegger's existential philosophy, which paradoxically ignores mass homicide, is discussed in the context of topology of being. Different attitudes to the other as irreplaceable and irretrievable (e.g., in case of apprehension and execution of a murderer) are analyzed. The second issue concerns the possibility of true duplicates of the same person. The paradox of copied complexity is introduced. The third issue concerns reductionism (including brain reductionism) and opportunities to deduce various phenomena of development (mental development, actual genesis of creative thinking, etc.) from the new logical foundation for psychology built by Mammen.