Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1103:115-129. doi: 10.1007/978-4-431-56847-6_6.
It is well established the link between inflammation and the development of insulin resistance and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells mediated by autoreactive T lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory agents. Therefore, developing new strategies to efficiently control dysregulated inflammation could have substantial benefits in the treatment of diabetes. Recently, a novel population of non-tumorigenic pluripotent stem cells, named multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, was discovered. Muse cells secrete significant amounts of TGF-β1, a key cytokine governing down-modulation of T lymphocytes and macrophages. In this chapter, we discuss the immunomodulatory properties of Muse cells as well as the molecular mechanism of TGF-β1 as mediator of Muse cell action. We also describe the role of certain cytokines/growth factors highly expressed in Muse cells as potential mediators of their effects. Finally, we provide evidence of the beneficial effects of adipose tissue-derived Muse cells in an experimental mice model of type 1 diabetes.
炎症与胰岛素抵抗的发展以及 2 型糖尿病发病机制之间的联系已得到充分证实。1 型糖尿病是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征是由自身反应性 T 淋巴细胞和促炎剂介导的胰岛素产生的胰腺β细胞破坏。因此，开发有效控制失调炎症的新策略在糖尿病治疗中可能具有重要意义。最近，发现了一种新型的非肿瘤多能干细胞，称为多系分化应激耐受（Muse）细胞。Muse 细胞分泌大量的 TGF-β1，这是一种关键的细胞因子，可调节 T 淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞的下调。在本章中，我们讨论了 Muse 细胞的免疫调节特性以及 TGF-β1 作为 Muse 细胞作用的介质的分子机制。我们还描述了在 Muse 细胞中高度表达的某些细胞因子/生长因子作为其作用的潜在介质的作用。最后，我们提供了脂肪组织衍生的 Muse 细胞在 1 型糖尿病实验小鼠模型中有益效果的证据。
