生活方式问卷与日本一般人群动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的相关性：一项横断面研究。
Associations between questionnaires on lifestyle and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a Japanese general population: A cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan.
Kanazawa Medical Association, Kanazawa, Japan.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2018 Nov 28;13(11):e0208135. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208135. eCollection 2018.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to investigate the association between questionnaires related to lifestyle habits and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD).
DESIGN
Cross-sectional observational study.
SETTINGS
Community-based medical checkups, called specific health checkups started in Japan since 2008. This checkup includes standard medical examinations as well as a specific questionnaire related to lifestyle habits.
PARTICIPANTS
Overall, 47,842 subjects (males = 16,913, 35.4%) aged ≥40 years who underwent a Japanese specific health checkup in 2014 in Kanazawa city were included.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Association between 12 lifestyle habits-related questionnaires and the presence of ASCVD, including coronary artery disease and stroke. The questionnaire included the following 12 questions on lifestyle habits: 1) weight gain (>10 kg/20 years), 2) exercise (>30 min, twice a week, >1 year), 3) daily walking or equivalent (>1 h), 4) walking faster (than others in the same generation), 5) body weight changes (>3 kg/year), 6) eating faster (than others in the same generation), 7) eating within 2 h before going to bed (more than three times a week), 8) having a snack after dinner (more than three times a week), 9) skipping breakfast (more than three times a week), 10) daily drinking (alcohol), 11) heavy drinking (more than 60 g ethanol/day), and 12) good sleeping.
RESULTS
Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that walking faster (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.69-0.79, p < 0.0003), body weight changes (>3 kg/year, OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.16-1.37, p < 0.0003), eating faster (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.03-1.15, p = 0.003), daily drinking (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.76-0.89, p < 0.0003), and good sleeping (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.79-0.93, p < 0.0003) were independently associated with ASCVD. Subjects with a high lifestyle habits risk score (number of bad habits: 7-12) had significantly higher odds for ASCVD than those with a low risk score (number of bad habits: 0-3, OR = 1.78, 95%CI = 1.62-1.95, p < 0.0003).
CONCLUSION
Simple questionnaires related to lifestyle habits were associated with self-reported ASCVD.
目的
我们旨在探讨与生活习惯相关的问卷与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）之间的关联。
设计
横断面观察性研究。
地点
自 2008 年以来，在日本开展了以社区为基础的医疗检查，称为特定健康检查。该检查包括标准体检以及与生活习惯相关的特定问卷。
参与者
共有 47842 名年龄≥40 岁的受试者（男性=16913，35.4%）于 2014 年在金泽市参加了日本特定健康检查。
主要观察指标
12 个生活习惯相关问卷与 ASCVD（包括冠心病和中风）之间的关联。该问卷包含以下 12 个关于生活习惯的问题：1）体重增加（>10kg/20 年），2）运动（>30 分钟，每周两次，>1 年），3）每天散步或等效运动（>1 小时），4）走得比同龄人快，5）体重变化（>3kg/年），6）吃得比同龄人快，7）睡前 2 小时内进食（每周多于三次），8）晚饭后吃零食（每周多于三次），9）不吃早餐（每周多于三次），10）每天饮酒（酒精），11）豪饮（每天超过 60g 乙醇），12）睡眠良好。
结果
多变量逻辑回归分析显示，走得更快（比值比[OR] = 0.74，95%置信区间[CI] = 0.69-0.79，p<0.0003），体重变化（>3kg/年，OR = 1.26，95%CI = 1.16-1.37，p<0.0003），吃得更快（OR = 1.09，95%CI = 1.03-1.15，p = 0.003），每天饮酒（OR = 0.83，95%CI = 0.76-0.89，p<0.0003）和睡眠良好（OR = 0.86，95%CI = 0.79-0.93，p<0.0003）与 ASCVD 独立相关。生活习惯风险评分较高（不良习惯数量：7-12 个）的受试者 ASCVD 的发生几率显著高于风险评分较低的受试者（不良习惯数量：0-3 个，OR = 1.78，95%CI = 1.62-1.95，p<0.0003）。
结论
与生活习惯相关的简单问卷与自我报告的 ASCVD 相关。
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