Khaw Mel W, Li Ziang, Woodford Michael
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.
Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States.
Front Psychol. 2018 Nov 14;9:2102. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02102. eCollection 2018.
Recent experiments suggest that search direction causally affects the discounted valuation of delayed payoffs. Comparisons between options can increase individuals' patience toward future payoff options, while searching within options instead promotes impatient choices. We further test the robustness and specificity of this relationship using a novel choice task. Here individuals choose between pairs of delayed payoffs instead of single delayed outcomes. We observe a relationship between search styles and temporal discounting that are the opposite of those previously reported. -those who tend to compare attributes alternatives-discount and choose more slowly than -those who are more likely to compare alternatives. This finding supports and augments the view that individuals' search strategy is predictive of subsequent discount rates. In particular, the direction of this relationship is further modifiable based on the spatial layout and varying information within an individual's decision-making environment.
近期实验表明，搜索方向会对延迟收益的贴现估值产生因果影响。选项之间的比较可以增强个体对未来收益选项的耐心，而在选项内部进行搜索则反而会促使个体做出不耐烦的选择。我们使用一项新颖的选择任务进一步测试了这种关系的稳健性和特异性。在此任务中，个体要在成对的延迟收益之间进行选择，而非单个延迟结果。我们观察到搜索方式与时间贴现之间的关系与之前报道的相反。——倾向于比较属性替代方案的人比更可能比较替代方案的人贴现速度慢，选择也更慢。这一发现支持并强化了个体的搜索策略可预测后续贴现率的观点。特别是，这种关系的方向可根据个体决策环境中的空间布局和变化的信息进一步改变。
