Sawicki Przemysław, Białek Michał
Kozminski University, Centre for Economic Psychology and Decision Sciences, Jagiellonska 59, Warsaw 03-301, Poland.
PLoS One. 2016 Oct 21;11(10):e0165245. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165245. eCollection 2016.
Typical research on intertemporal choice utilizes a two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) paradigm requiring participants to choose between a smaller sooner and larger later payoff. In the adjusting-amount procedure (AAP) one of the alternatives is fixed and the other is adjusted according to particular choices made by the participant. Such a method makes the alternatives unequal in status and is speculated to make the fixed alternative a reference point for choices, thereby affecting the decision made. The current study shows that fixing different alternatives in the AAP influences discount rates in intertemporal choices. Specifically, individuals' (N = 283) choices were affected to just the same extent by merely fixing an alternative as when choices were preceded by scenarios explicitly imposing reference points.
典型的跨期选择研究采用二选一强制选择（2AFC）范式，要求参与者在较小的即时回报和较大的延迟回报之间做出选择。在调整金额程序（AAP）中，其中一个选项是固定的，另一个选项则根据参与者做出的特定选择进行调整。这种方法使得两个选项的地位不平等，据推测会使固定选项成为选择的参考点，从而影响决策。当前的研究表明，在AAP中固定不同的选项会影响跨期选择中的折扣率。具体而言，仅仅固定一个选项对个体（N = 283）选择的影响程度，与在选择之前通过情景明确设定参考点时的影响程度相同。
