Koustas Evangelos, Sarantis Panagiotis, Papavassiliou Athanassios G, Karamouzis Michalis V
Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2018 Nov 15;10(11):367-369. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i11.367.
Autophagy is a basic catabolic process closely associated with degradation of cellular components. The role of autophagy in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. The mechanism of autophagy has been identified as protecting mechanism against tumorigenesis by isolation of damaged organelles or as cytoprotective provides energy in hypoxic regions of CRC tumors. Mutations in proto-oncogenes, such as and , have been associated with autophagy initiation through signaling pathways of BRAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. A combination therapy of chemotherapeutic agents and autophagy inhibitors such as hydroxychloroquine or immunotherapy might represent a major step that could be evaluated as a putative novel therapeutic strategy in CRC patients.
自噬是一种与细胞成分降解密切相关的基本分解代谢过程。自噬在结直肠癌（CRC）中的作用仍存在争议。自噬机制已被确定为通过隔离受损细胞器来对抗肿瘤发生的保护机制，或者在CRC肿瘤的缺氧区域作为提供能量的细胞保护机制。原癌基因的突变，如 和 ，已通过BRAF/MEK/ERK和PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路与自噬起始相关。化疗药物与自噬抑制剂（如羟氯喹）或免疫疗法的联合治疗可能是一个重要步骤，可作为CRC患者一种推定的新型治疗策略进行评估。
