你无法兼得一切：学术型主治医生在怀孕期间、育儿假期间以及重返工作岗位时的经历。
You Can't Have It All: The Experience of Academic Hospitalists During Pregnancy, Parental Leave, and Return to Work.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
出版信息
J Hosp Med. 2018 Dec;13(12):836-839. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3076.
BACKGROUND
The United States lags behind most other countries regarding the support for working mothers and parental leave. Data are limited to describe the experience of female hospital medicine physicians during pregnancy, parental leave, and their return to work in academic hospital medicine.
METHODS
We conducted a qualitative descriptive study including interviews with 10 female academic hospitalists chosen from institutions across the country that are represented in Society of Hospital Medicine (SHM) Committees. Interview guides were based on the following domains: experience in pregnancy, parental leave, and return to work. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a general inductive approach to theme analysis using the ATLAS.ti software (Scientific Software Development GmbH, Berlin, Germany).
PRIMARY OUTCOME
Women in hospital medicine experience the following six common challenges in their experience as new parents, each of which has the potential to impact their career trajectory, wellness, and are associated with areas for institutional improvement: (1) access to paid parental leave, (2) physical challenges, (3) breastfeeding, (4) career opportunities, (5) colleague responses, and (6) empathy in patient care.
背景
美国在支持职业母亲和育儿假方面落后于大多数其他国家。关于女性在医院医学领域怀孕、育儿假以及返回学术医院医学工作期间的经历，相关数据十分有限。
方法
我们开展了一项定性描述性研究，对来自全国各地的、在医院医学学会（SHM）委员会任职的 10 名女性医院医学专家进行了访谈。访谈指南基于以下领域：怀孕、育儿假和重返工作岗位的经历。使用 ATLAS.ti 软件（Scientific Software Development GmbH，柏林，德国）对访谈进行录音、逐字转录和分析，采用一般归纳方法进行主题分析。
主要结果
医院医学领域的女性在成为新父母的过程中经历了以下六个常见挑战，每个挑战都有可能影响她们的职业轨迹、健康状况，并与机构改进领域相关：（1）获得带薪育儿假；（2）身体挑战；（3）母乳喂养；（4）职业机会；（5）同事的反应；（6）在患者护理中的同理心。
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