Center for Conservation and Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis, MO 63116, USA.
BioProtection Research Centre, Burns Building, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2019 Mar;34(3):260-273. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.10.012. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
Ecological niches reflect not only adaptation to local circumstances but also the tendency of related lineages to share environmental tolerances. As a result, information on phylogenetic relationships has underappreciated potential to inform ecological niche modeling. Here we review three strategies for incorporating evolutionary information into niche models: splitting lineages into subunits, lumping across lineages, and partial pooling of lineages into a common statistical framework that implicitly or explicitly accounts for evolutionary relationships. We challenge the default practice of modeling at the species level, which ignores the process of niche evolution and erroneously assumes that the species is always the appropriate level for niche estimation. Progress in the field requires reexamination of how we assess models of niches versus models of distributions.
生态位不仅反映了对当地环境的适应，还反映了相关谱系共享环境耐受性的趋势。因此，关于系统发育关系的信息在生态位模型的构建中具有被低估的潜力。在这里，我们回顾了将进化信息纳入生态位模型的三种策略：将谱系划分为亚单位、谱系之间的合并以及将谱系部分汇集到一个共同的统计框架中，该框架隐含或明确考虑了进化关系。我们挑战了在物种水平上进行建模的默认做法，这种做法忽略了生态位进化的过程，并错误地假设物种始终是进行生态位估计的适当层次。该领域的进展需要重新审视我们如何评估生态位模型与分布模型。
