Ghassabi Farzaneh, Malekzadegan Yalda, Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie Hadi, Heidari Hamid, Sabet Mozhgan, Bagheri Abdollatif, Bagheri Narges, Raeisi Shahraki Hadi, Hasanabadi Alireza, Motamedifar Mohammad
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Caspian J Intern Med. 2018 Fall;9(4):397-402. doi: 10.22088/cjim.9.4.397.
and as an obligate human pathogen are two common causes of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of and among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients in the southwest Iran.
This retrospective study was performed from 2004 to 2013, on HIV patients who were tested for detection of gonorrhea and syphilis infection at Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center. ELISA technique was used for preliminary detection of HIV and confirmed by a Western Blotting test. Gonorrhea was routinely diagnosed using direct Gram-staining and culturing on selective agar. Syphilis was routinely diagnosed by RPR test.
Of the 806 HIV patients, 39 (2.6%) cases had co-infection with gonorrhea. Compared with mono-HIV infected patients, gonorrhea was significantly more likely among the males (69.4% vs. 92.3%, P=0.002). History of addiction and prison seems to be a significant risk factor for gonorrhea infection (P<0.05). Also, the mean of CD4+lymphocyte was higher among gonorrhea infected patients (368±238 vs. 415±328). Logistic regression analysis showed that sexual contact increased risk of gonococcal infection about 4 fold (OR: 4, CI: 1.7-9.39, P=0.001). None of the HIV patients had syphilis co-infection.
As a preliminary survey, our findings provided unique information on the prevalence of gonorrhea and syphilis co-infections among HIV patients. Moreover, we introduced the main risk factors associated with gonorrhea co-infection in HIV patients in our region including gender, history of addiction and prison, CD4+lymphocyte count, and transmission routes for effective management of STDs.
淋病奈瑟菌和梅毒螺旋体作为专性人类病原体，是性传播疾病（STD）的两种常见病因。本研究旨在确定伊朗西南部人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）患者中淋病奈瑟菌和梅毒螺旋体的感染率。
本回顾性研究于2004年至2013年进行，研究对象为在设拉子HIV/AIDS研究中心接受淋病和梅毒感染检测的HIV患者。采用ELISA技术初步检测HIV，并通过蛋白质印迹试验进行确认。淋病常规通过直接革兰氏染色和在选择性琼脂上培养进行诊断。梅毒常规通过快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验（RPR）进行诊断。
在806例HIV患者中，39例（2.6%）合并淋病感染。与单纯HIV感染患者相比，男性淋病感染率显著更高（69.4%对92.3%，P = 0.002）。成瘾史和入狱史似乎是淋病感染的重要危险因素（P < 0.05）。此外，淋病感染患者的CD4 +淋巴细胞均值更高（368±238对415±328）。逻辑回归分析显示，性接触使淋病感染风险增加约4倍（比值比：4，可信区间：1.7 - 9.39，P = 0.001）。没有HIV患者合并梅毒感染。
作为一项初步调查，我们的研究结果提供了关于HIV患者中淋病和梅毒合并感染率的独特信息。此外，我们介绍了本地区HIV患者淋病合并感染的主要危险因素，包括性别、成瘾史和入狱史、CD4 +淋巴细胞计数以及传播途径，以便有效管理性传播疾病。
