Daigle Laurence, Nury Charlotte, Delesalle Léa, Villeneuve Carol-Anne, Colinas Juliette, Leighton Patrick A, Carabin Hélène, Zinszer Kate, Hillier Sean, Jenkins Emily, Aenishaenslin Cécile
Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
One Health Outlook. 2024 Dec 1;6(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s42522-024-00117-5.
The increased burden of climate-sensitive infectious diseases (CSIDs) within the circumpolar region, one of the many impacts of climate change, is impacting human, animal and ecosystem health. An integrated One Health approach to surveillance of CSIDs has been promoted by the scientific community as a prerequisite to enhance preparedness and response. Up to now, little is known about how the One Health approach has been implemented in surveillance systems for CSIDs in the Arctic and surrounding regions.
The objectives of this study were to map surveillance activities currently implemented in the Canadian Arctic and subarctic for the 16 CSID identified by the Arctic Council, to describe how One Health has been operationalized in these activities, and to explore the integration and leadership of Indigenous partners in current surveillance systems.
We performed the mapping in three steps: a rapid review of the scientific literature, a review of the grey literature and an online questionnaire sent to key stakeholders involved in CSID surveillance in the Canadian Arctic and subarctic regions.
We identified 37 scientific peer-reviewed and 58 grey literature records. We mapped (1) surveillance of mandatory notifiable diseases at the federal, provincial or territorial levels not specific to the Arctic and subarctic regions, and (2) non-mandatory surveillance programs specific to the Arctic and subarctic regions. We described programs targeting either a single disease, human populations or wildlife. In most programs, there was no explicit mention of the integration of the One Health approach, and little information was available on collaboration efforts between sectors. Programs involved Indigenous communities at various levels, ranging from very low communication to community members, to high involvement and leadership in program management. Improvement in current CSID surveillance activities in Canada should include enhancing information accessibility, ensuring geographic representation, fostering sustainability in implementation of One Health strategies, and stronger involvement of Indigenous communities in the leadership of surveillance systems. An internationally harmonised approach across the Arctic and subarctic regions for all CSIDs has the potential to unify circumpolar surveillance efforts, save resources, and ultimately better inform public health authorities on the actions to prioritize in the context of climate change.
气候敏感型传染病（CSIDs）负担的增加是气候变化的众多影响之一，正在影响北极地区的人类、动物和生态系统健康。科学界已倡导采用综合的“同一健康”方法对CSIDs进行监测，作为加强防范和应对能力的先决条件。到目前为止，对于“同一健康”方法在北极及周边地区CSIDs监测系统中的实施情况知之甚少。
本研究的目的是梳理加拿大北极地区和亚北极地区目前针对北极理事会确定的16种CSIDs开展的监测活动，描述“同一健康”在这些活动中的运作方式，并探讨土著伙伴在当前监测系统中的整合情况和领导作用。
我们分三步进行梳理：快速回顾科学文献、审查灰色文献，并向加拿大北极地区和亚北极地区参与CSIDs监测的关键利益相关者发送在线问卷。
我们识别出37篇经同行评审的科学文献记录和58篇灰色文献记录。我们梳理了（1）联邦、省或地区层面针对非北极和亚北极地区特定的法定报告传染病的监测，以及（2）针对北极和亚北极地区的非强制性监测项目。我们描述了针对单一疾病、人群或野生动物的项目。在大多数项目中，没有明确提及“同一健康”方法的整合，关于各部门之间合作努力的信息也很少。这些项目在不同层面涉及土著社区，从与社区成员沟通极少到在项目管理中高度参与和发挥领导作用。加拿大当前CSIDs监测活动的改进应包括提高信息可及性、确保地域代表性、促进“同一健康”战略实施的可持续性，以及让土著社区更有力地参与监测系统的领导工作。针对北极和亚北极地区所有CSIDs采取国际协调一致的方法，有可能统一环北极地区的监测工作、节省资源，并最终更好地为公共卫生当局提供信息，以便在气候变化背景下确定优先行动事项。
