Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, 117 Frank Kennedy Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, W565 Duff Roblin Bldg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Nutr Res. 2018 Dec;60:87-95. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.09.005. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 3.0 g/d of omega-3 fatty acid (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) supplementation combined with progressive resistance training to improve body composition and lower inflammatory cytokines in older men when compared to placebo and resistance training. We hypothesized that completing a 12-week omega-3 supplementation period along with whole body resistance exercise (3 times/wk) would result in a significantly greater improvement in lean tissue mass as well as a significant decrease in interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α when compared to placebo. A total of 23 older men (≥65 years old) were randomized to an omega-3 supplementation group (n = 11) or placebo group (n = 12), and all the participants completed the same whole body progressive resistance training program. Baseline and 12-week data collection included body composition, muscle strength, functional ability, and inflammatory cytokines. Results indicated a significant main effect for time (all P < .05) for percent body fat (-2.5%), lean tissue mass (+1.1%), lumbar bone mineral density (+1.1%), hip bone mineral content (+1.1%), chest press strength (+31%), leg press strength (+37%), timed-up-and-go (-6.6%), and 6-minute walk distance (+4.5%) from baseline to post 12 weeks. No significant effects were noted for the 2 inflammatory cytokines measured (P > .05). We conclude that progressive resistance training exercise is an excellent method to enhance parameters of body composition, skeletal muscle strength, and functional ability in older men, whereas omega-3 supplementation did nothing to enhance these parameters or influence inflammatory biomarkers.
本研究旨在评估 3.0 克/天的ω-3 脂肪酸（二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸）补充剂与渐进式抗阻训练相结合，与安慰剂和抗阻训练相比，对改善老年男性身体成分和降低炎症细胞因子的有效性。我们假设，与安慰剂相比，完成 12 周的ω-3 补充期以及全身抗阻运动（每周 3 次）将导致瘦组织质量显著改善，同时白细胞介素-6 和肿瘤坏死因子-α显著降低。共有 23 名老年男性（≥65 岁）被随机分配到ω-3 补充组（n=11）或安慰剂组（n=12），所有参与者都完成了相同的全身渐进式抗阻训练计划。基线和 12 周的数据收集包括身体成分、肌肉力量、功能能力和炎症细胞因子。结果表明，时间对体脂百分比（所有 P<.05）、瘦组织质量（+1.1%）、腰椎骨密度（+1.1%）、髋骨矿物质含量（+1.1%）、卧推力量（+31%）、腿推力量（+37%）、起立行走测试（-6.6%）和 6 分钟步行距离（+4.5%）都有显著的主效应。但对所测量的 2 种炎症细胞因子没有显著影响（P>.05）。我们得出结论，渐进式抗阻训练是增强老年男性身体成分、骨骼肌力量和功能能力的极好方法，而ω-3 补充剂对这些参数没有增强作用，也不会影响炎症生物标志物。
