Colangelo Anna Maria, Cirillo Giovanni, Alberghina Lilia, Papa Michele, Westerhoff Hans V
Laboratory of Neuroscience "R. Levi-Montalcini", Dept. of Biotechnology and Biosciences; SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology; NeuroMI Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Network, Department of Public Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy.
Neural Regen Res. 2019 Feb;14(2):201-205. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.244775.
The recognition that neurogenesis does not stop with adolescence has spun off research towards the reduction of brain disorders by enhancing brain regeneration. Adult neurogenesis is one of the tougher problems of developmental biology as it requires the generation of complex intracellular and pericellular anatomies, amidst the danger of neuroinflammation. We here review how a multitude of regulatory pathways optimized for early neurogenesis has to be revamped into a new choreography of time dependencies. Distinct pathways need to be regulated, ranging from neural growth factor induced differentiation to mitochondrial bioenergetics, reactive oxygen metabolism, and apoptosis. Requiring much Gibbs energy consumption, brain depends on aerobic energy metabolism, hence on mitochondrial activity. Mitochondrial fission and fusion, movement and perhaps even mitoptosis, thereby come into play. All these network processes are interlinked and involve a plethora of molecules. We recommend a deep thinking approach to adult neurobiology.
认识到神经发生并不随着青春期而停止，这引发了通过增强大脑再生来减少脑部疾病的研究。成体神经发生是发育生物学中较为棘手的问题之一，因为它需要在神经炎症的危险中生成复杂的细胞内和细胞周围结构。我们在此回顾了为早期神经发生而优化的众多调控途径如何必须重新编排成一种新的时间依赖性编排。需要调控不同的途径，从神经生长因子诱导的分化到线粒体生物能量学、活性氧代谢和细胞凋亡。大脑需要大量的吉布斯能量消耗，因此依赖有氧能量代谢，进而依赖线粒体活动。线粒体的裂变和融合、移动甚至可能的线粒体自噬都因此发挥作用。所有这些网络过程相互关联，涉及大量分子。我们建议对成体神经生物学采取深入思考的方法。
