Faculty of Kinesiology, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, University of Zagreb,10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
General Medical Hospital 'Sveti Duh', 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Nutrients. 2018 Dec 11;10(12):1960. doi: 10.3390/nu10121960.
Evidence shows that diet is associated with physical activity. However, there has been a lack of studies addressing it in a population of older adults. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to explore associations between various frequencies of dietary intake and physical activity in older adults.
In this cross-sectional study, the participants were 810 older adults aged ≥85. Frequency of dietary intake and the level of physical activity were assessed using the Elderly Diet Index score and International Physical Activity questionnaire. Mutual associations were examined using generalized estimating equations with a logistic regression model.
"Optimal" intake of fish and seafood (OR (odds ratio) = 1.40; 95% CI (95 percent confidence interval) 1.01 to 2.00), fruits (OR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.45 to 3.02), legumes (OR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.19 to 2.50), olive oil (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.09 to 3.08) and bread (OR = 4.62; 95% CI 3.05 to 6.99) and the total Elderly Diet Index score (OR = 4.99; 95% CI 3.20 to 7.70) were associated with "sufficient" physical activity. When all dietary components were entered simultaneously into the model, "optimal" intakes of meat (OR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.71), fish and seafood (OR = 2.26; 95% CI 1.46 to 3.51), cereals (OR = 1.75; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.25), fruits (OR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.02 to 2.26), legumes (OR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.93), and bread (OR = 5.14; 95% CI 3.24 to 8.15) were associated with "sufficient" physical activity.
Our study shows that the total Elderly Diet Index score is the strongest predictor associated with "sufficient" physical activity in a population of older adults. Thus, policies aiming to improve overall diet in order to achieve higher levels of physical activity are warranted.
有证据表明，饮食与身体活动有关。然而，针对老年人这一群体的相关研究仍较为缺乏。因此，本研究的主要目的是探讨老年人不同饮食摄入频率与身体活动之间的关联。
在这项横断面研究中，研究对象为 810 名年龄≥85 岁的老年人。采用老年人饮食指数评分和国际体力活动问卷评估饮食摄入频率和身体活动水平。使用广义估计方程和逻辑回归模型检验两者之间的相互关联。
摄入鱼类和海鲜（比值比（OR）=1.40；95%置信区间（95%CI）1.01 至 2.00）、水果（OR=2.10；95%CI 1.45 至 3.02）、豆类（OR=1.73；95%CI 1.19 至 2.50）、橄榄油（OR=1.83；95%CI 1.09 至 3.08）和面包（OR=4.62；95%CI 3.05 至 6.99）以及老年人饮食指数总分（OR=4.99；95%CI 3.20 至 7.70）达到“最佳”水平与“足够”的身体活动有关。当将所有饮食成分同时纳入模型时，肉类（OR=1.73；95%CI 1.10 至 2.71）、鱼类和海鲜（OR=2.26；95%CI 1.46 至 3.51）、谷物（OR=1.75；95%CI 1.02 至 3.25）、水果（OR=1.52；95%CI 1.02 至 2.26）、豆类（OR=1.48；95%CI 1.10 至 1.93）和面包（OR=5.14；95%CI 3.24 至 8.15）的“最佳”摄入与“足够”的身体活动有关。
本研究表明，老年人饮食指数总分是与老年人“足够”身体活动关联最强的预测因素。因此，为了提高身体活动水平，有必要制定旨在改善整体饮食的政策。
