Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(16):19073-19086. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3913-y. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
The invention of new techniques to manipulate materials at their nanoscale had an evolutionary effect on various medical sciences. At the time, there are thousands of nanomaterials which can be divided according to their shape, origin, or their application. The nanotechnology provided new solutions for old problems. In medical sciences, they are used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. They can also be applied in the preparation of nanovaccines and nanoadjuvants. Their use in the treatment of cancer and in gene therapy opened the door for a new era in medicine. Recently, various applications of nanotechnology started to find their way in the veterinary sector. They increasingly invade animal therapeutics, diagnostics, production of veterinary vaccines, farm disinfectants, for animal breeding and reproduction, and even the field of animal nutrition. Their replacement of commonly used antibiotics directly reflects on the public health. By so doing, they minimize the problem of drug resistance in both human and veterinary medicine, and the problem of drug residues in milk and meat. In addition, they have a great economic impact, by minimizing the amounts of discarded milk and the number of culled calves in dairy herds. Nanotechnology was also applied to develop pet care products and hygienic articles. The present review discusses the advantage of using nanomaterials compared to their counterparts, the various classes of nanoparticles, and illustrates the applications and the role of nanotechnology in the field of veterinary medicine.
新的纳米尺度材料操控技术的发明对各种医学科学产生了进化性的影响。当时，有数千种纳米材料，可以根据其形状、来源或应用进行分类。纳米技术为旧问题提供了新的解决方案。在医学科学中，它们被用于诊断或治疗目的。它们也可以应用于纳米疫苗和纳米佐剂的制备。它们在癌症治疗和基因治疗中的应用为医学的新时代开辟了道路。最近，纳米技术的各种应用开始在兽医领域找到出路。它们越来越多地侵入动物治疗、诊断、兽医疫苗生产、农场消毒剂、动物繁殖和繁殖、甚至动物营养领域。它们替代了常用的抗生素，直接反映在公共卫生上。这样做可以最大限度地减少人类和兽医医学中的耐药性问题，以及牛奶和肉类中的药物残留问题。此外，它们还具有巨大的经济影响，最大限度地减少了乳制品中废弃牛奶的数量和奶牛群中被淘汰的小牛的数量。纳米技术还被应用于开发宠物护理产品和卫生用品。本综述讨论了与同类产品相比使用纳米材料的优势、各种纳米粒子类别，并说明了纳米技术在兽医领域的应用和作用。
