Danchuk Oleksii, Levchenko Anna, da Silva Mesquita Rochelly, Danchuk Vyacheslav, Cengiz Seyda, Cengiz Mehmet, Grafov Andriy
Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, 24 Mayatska Road, Khlibodarske Village, 67667 Odesa, Ukraine.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Sep 15;15(9):2326. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092326.
In recent decades, nanotechnology has been rapidly advancing in various fields of human activity, including veterinary medicine. The review presents up-to-date information on recent advancements in nanotechnology in the field and an overview of the types of nanoparticles used in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry, their characteristics, and their areas of application. Currently, a wide range of nanomaterials has been implemented into veterinary practice, including pharmaceuticals, diagnostic devices, feed additives, and vaccines. The application of nanoformulations gave rise to innovative strategies in the treatment of animal diseases. For example, antibiotics delivered on nanoplatforms demonstrated higher efficacy and lower toxicity and dosage requirements when compared to conventional pharmaceuticals, providing a possibility to solve antibiotic resistance issues. Nanoparticle-based drugs showed promising results in the treatment of animal parasitoses and neoplastic diseases. However, the latter area is currently more developed in human medicine. Owing to the size compatibility, nanomaterials have been applied as gene delivery vectors in veterinary gene therapy. Veterinary medicine is at the forefront of the development of innovative nanovaccines inducing both humoral and cellular immune responses. The paper provides a brief overview of current topics in nanomaterial safety, potential risks associated with the use of nanomaterials, and relevant regulatory aspects.
近几十年来，纳米技术在包括兽医学在内的人类活动各个领域都取得了迅速发展。这篇综述介绍了该领域纳米技术的最新进展，概述了兽医学和畜牧业中使用的纳米颗粒类型、它们的特性及其应用领域。目前，多种纳米材料已应用于兽医实践，包括药物、诊断设备、饲料添加剂和疫苗。纳米制剂的应用催生了治疗动物疾病的创新策略。例如，与传统药物相比，纳米平台递送的抗生素显示出更高的疗效、更低的毒性和剂量要求，为解决抗生素耐药性问题提供了可能。基于纳米颗粒的药物在治疗动物寄生虫病和肿瘤疾病方面显示出有前景的结果。然而，后一领域目前在人类医学中更为发达。由于尺寸兼容性，纳米材料已被用作兽医基因治疗中的基因递送载体。兽医学处于创新纳米疫苗开发的前沿，这些纳米疫苗可诱导体液免疫和细胞免疫反应。本文简要概述了纳米材料安全性的当前主题、与使用纳米材料相关的潜在风险以及相关监管方面。
