University of Milan, DiSAA, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
J Integr Plant Biol. 2019 Mar;61(3):226-256. doi: 10.1111/jipb.12757. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
In cereals, tillering and leaf development are key factors in the concept of crop ideotype, introduced in the 1960s to enhance crop yield, via manipulation of plant architecture. In the present review, we discuss advances in genetic analysis of barley shoot architecture, focusing on tillering, leaf size and angle. We also discuss novel phenotyping techniques, such as 2D and 3D imaging, that have been introduced in the era of phenomics, facilitating reliable trait measurement. We discuss the identification of genes and pathways that are involved in barley tillering and leaf development, highlighting key hormones involved in the control of plant architecture in barley and rice. Knowledge on genetic control of traits related to plant architecture provides useful resources for designing ideotypes for enhanced barley yield and performance.
在谷物中，分蘖和叶片发育是作物理想型概念的关键因素，该概念于 20 世纪 60 年代提出，旨在通过操纵植物结构来提高作物产量。在本综述中，我们讨论了大麦 shoot 结构遗传分析的进展，重点讨论了分蘖、叶片大小和角度。我们还讨论了一些新的表型分析技术，如 2D 和 3D 成像，这些技术在表型组学时代得到了引入，有助于可靠的性状测量。我们讨论了参与大麦分蘖和叶片发育的基因和途径的鉴定，强调了参与大麦和水稻植物结构控制的关键激素。与植物结构相关的性状的遗传控制知识为设计提高大麦产量和性能的理想型提供了有用的资源。
