Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 00185, Roma, Italy.
Department MESVA, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Plant J. 2019 Jan;97(1):134-147. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14196.
The architecture of the plant cell wall is highly dynamic, being substantially re-modeled during growth and development. Cell walls determine the size and shape of cells and contribute to the functional specialization of tissues and organs. Beyond the physiological dynamics, the wall structure undergoes changes upon biotic or abiotic stresses. In this review several cell wall traits, mainly related to pectin, one of the major matrix components, will be discussed in relation to plant development, immunity and industrial bioconversion of biomass, especially for energy production. Plant cell walls are a source of oligosaccharide fragments with a signaling function for both development and immunity. Sensing cell wall damage, sometimes through the perception of released damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), is crucial for some developmental and immunity responses. Methodological advances that are expected to deepen our knowledge of cell wall (CW) biology will also be presented.
植物细胞壁的结构具有高度动态性，在生长和发育过程中会进行实质性的重塑。细胞壁决定了细胞的大小和形状，并有助于组织和器官的功能专业化。除了生理动态之外，细胞壁结构还会在生物或非生物胁迫下发生变化。在这篇综述中，将讨论几种细胞壁特性，主要与果胶有关，果胶是主要的基质成分之一，与植物发育、免疫和生物质的工业生物转化（特别是用于能源生产）有关。植物细胞壁是具有发育和免疫信号功能的寡糖片段的来源。感知细胞壁损伤，有时通过感知释放的损伤相关分子模式（DAMPs），对于某些发育和免疫反应至关重要。预计将加深我们对细胞壁（CW）生物学的了解的方法学进展也将被提出。
