Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Livestock and Wildlife Hospital, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi, Thailand.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2019 Feb 20;85(5). doi: 10.1128/AEM.02420-18. Print 2019 Mar 1.
The identification and characterization of viruses of the genus in healthy and infected livestock, including cattle and goats, have been increasing. (EV-E) and (EV-F) are commonly found in cattle, whereas (EV-G) is found in goats. In this study, molecular and phylogenetic analyses were performed to determine the prevalence of EVs in cattle and goat feces from Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. The presence of EVs in water samples and the feces of other animals collected from the areas surrounding cattle and goat farms was also investigated. By use of 5'-untranslated region (5' UTR) real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), EVs were detected in 39.5% of cattle samples, 47% of goat samples, 35.3% of water samples, and one pool of chicken feces. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of EV-E and EV-F in cattle, EV-E and EV-G in goats, and EV-F in water samples and chicken feces. Analysis of enteroviral VP1 sequences from cattle revealed that the EV-E genotypes circulating in the study region were EV-E1, with a possible new genotype that is closely related to EV-E2. Analysis of enteroviral VP1 sequences from goats suggested the circulation of EV-G5 and a possible new genotype that is closely related to EV-G20. Sequence analyses also suggested that although the VP1 sequences from goats were closely related to those of EV-G, which were considered porcine enterovirus sequences, their 5' UTRs form a separated cluster with sequences of sheep and goat origin, suggesting a new classification of the ovine/caprine-specific enterovirus group. Possible new EV-E and EV-G genotypes were identified for EVs detected in this study. The EV-E viruses were also successfully isolated from MDBK cells. The goat EV sequence analysis suggested the presence of an ovine/caprine-specific EV group that is different from EV-G of porcine origin. The significance of our research is that it identifies and characterizes possible novel EVs, thereby indicating that enteroviruses in animals are continually evolving. The facts that enteroviruses can persist in the environment, contaminate it for long periods, and be transmitted between animals raise serious concerns regarding this group of viruses as emerging livestock pathogens.
在健康和感染的牲畜（包括牛和山羊）中，越来越多地鉴定和描述属病毒。（EV-E）和（EV-F）通常在牛中发现，而（EV-G）在山羊中发现。在这项研究中，对来自泰国北碧府的牛和山羊粪便中的 EV 进行了分子和系统发育分析。还调查了从牛和山羊养殖场周围地区采集的水样和其他动物粪便中 EV 的存在情况。通过使用 5'-非翻译区（5'UTR）实时 RT-PCR（RT-PCR），在 39.5%的牛样本、47%的山羊样本、35.3%的水样和一份鸡粪便中检测到 EV。系统发育分析显示，牛中存在 EV-E 和 EV-F，山羊中存在 EV-E 和 EV-G，水样和鸡粪便中存在 EV-F。来自牛的肠病毒 VP1 序列分析表明，研究区域内循环的 EV-E 基因型为 EV-E1，可能存在一种与 EV-E2 密切相关的新基因型。来自山羊的肠病毒 VP1 序列分析表明，存在 EV-G5 和一种可能与 EV-G20 密切相关的新基因型。序列分析还表明，尽管来自山羊的 VP1 序列与被认为是猪肠病毒序列的 EV-G 密切相关，但它们的 5'UTR 与绵羊和山羊起源的序列形成了一个独立的簇，这表明一个新的绵羊/山羊特异性肠病毒组的分类。为在本研究中检测到的 EV 鉴定并确定了可能的新 EV-E 和 EV-G 基因型。还从 MDBK 细胞中成功分离出 EV-E 病毒。对山羊 EV 序列的分析表明，存在一种不同于猪源性 EV-G 的绵羊/山羊特异性 EV 组。本研究的意义在于，它鉴定并描述了可能的新型 EV，表明动物中的肠病毒在不断进化。肠病毒可以在环境中持续存在很长时间并在动物之间传播，这一事实引起了人们对该组病毒作为新兴的家畜病原体的严重关注。
