Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences , Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Food Industry and Agriculture, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2019 Feb 1;126:773-784. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.026. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Cancer is one of the most important causes of mortality in the world, which can be severely reduced by early detection to avoid future problems in the field of economics and mental health. Hence, electrochemical nanobiosensors as portable devices for rapid detection of cancer biomarkers, have found an important place in clinical medicine for diagnosis, managements or cancer screening. Although, these biosensors have been receiving attention in the recent years, their principles are unchanged. By progress in nanotechnology, a great potential has been giving to nanobiosensors. Applications of a wide variety of nanomaterials in developing electrochemical biosensors, led to the production of potential nanobiosensors. Due to the high electrical conductivity, and increased surface area relative to the volume along with more repeatability, the application of NPs in electrochemical biosensors has been developed. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the impact of nanomaterials on the accuracy of biosensors in early cancer detection such as lung, prostate, breast, and other cancers. However, the modification of electrode performance by nanomaterials is relatively complicated, which causes limitation for some nanomaterials to be used inbiosensor applications. Indeed, the construction of electrodes based on nanomaterial requires a simple, reliable and inexpensive route to increase the sensitivity and reproducibility. Thus, the aim of this study can be defined as determining the detection limit of electrochemical nanobiosensors as well as introducing the challenges of fabricating and designing electrochemical nanobiosensors based on nanomaterials and their evaluations in the future medical setting.
癌症是世界上最重要的死亡原因之一，通过早期检测可以大大降低癌症的死亡率，从而避免在经济和心理健康领域出现后续问题。因此，电化学纳米生物传感器作为用于快速检测癌症生物标志物的便携式设备，在临床医学中对于癌症的诊断、管理或筛查找到了重要的位置。尽管这些生物传感器近年来受到了关注，但它们的原理并没有改变。通过纳米技术的进步，为纳米生物传感器赋予了巨大的潜力。各种纳米材料在开发电化学生物传感器中的应用，导致了潜在的纳米生物传感器的产生。由于 NPs 具有较高的导电性、相对于体积增加的表面积以及更高的可重复性，因此在电化学生物传感器中的应用得到了发展。因此，在本综述中，我们讨论了纳米材料对早期癌症检测（如肺癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌和其他癌症）中生物传感器准确性的影响。然而，纳米材料对电极性能的修饰相对复杂，这限制了一些纳米材料在生物传感器应用中的使用。实际上，基于纳米材料的电极的构建需要一种简单、可靠和廉价的方法来提高灵敏度和重现性。因此，本研究的目的可以定义为确定电化学纳米生物传感器的检测限，并介绍基于纳米材料制造和设计电化学纳米生物传感器的挑战及其在未来医学环境中的评估。
