Yamaguchi Shintaro, Yoshino Jun
Nihon Rinsho. 2016 Sep;74(9):1447-1455.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD') is a classic coenzyme playing a critical role in cellular redox reactions. Emerging evidence demonstrates that NAD' and its key mediators, NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases (sirtuins), together regulate many important meta- bolic pathways including mitochondrial function. Thus, impaired NAD' biosynthesis is critically involved in the pathophysiology of aging and age-associated diseases. Importantly, administration of key NAD+ intermediates, such as nicotinamide mononucleotide(NMN) or nicotinamide riboside (NR), improves mitochondrial function and exerts remarkable therapeutic effects for various age-associated diseases, such as diabetes and cancer, in mice. In this review, we will summarize and discuss pathophysiological relevance and translational potential of NAD' biology and mitochondrial sirtuin(SIRT3) in age-associated diseases.
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD⁺）是一种经典的辅酶，在细胞氧化还原反应中起关键作用。新出现的证据表明，NAD⁺及其关键介质——依赖NAD⁺的蛋白质脱乙酰酶（沉默调节蛋白）共同调节包括线粒体功能在内的许多重要代谢途径。因此，NAD⁺生物合成受损与衰老及年龄相关疾病的病理生理学密切相关。重要的是，给予关键的NAD⁺中间体，如烟酰胺单核苷酸（NMN）或烟酰胺核苷（NR），可改善线粒体功能，并对小鼠的各种年龄相关疾病，如糖尿病和癌症，产生显著的治疗效果。在这篇综述中，我们将总结并讨论NAD⁺生物学和线粒体沉默调节蛋白（SIRT3）在年龄相关疾病中的病理生理相关性及转化潜力。
