Defence Medical and Environmental Research Institute, DSO National Labs, Singapore 117510, Singapore.
School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
Viruses. 2018 Dec 5;10(12):692. doi: 10.3390/v10120692.
The poxviruses are large, linear, double-stranded DNA viruses about 130 to 230 kbp, that have an animal origin and evolved to infect a wide host range. Variola virus (VARV), the causative agent of smallpox, is a poxvirus that infects only humans, but other poxviruses such as monkey poxvirus and cowpox virus (CPXV) have crossed over from animals to infect humans. Therefore understanding the biology of poxviruses can devise antiviral strategies to prevent these human infections. In this study we used a system-based approach to examine the host responses to three orthopoxviruses, CPXV, vaccinia virus (VACV), and ectromelia virus (ECTV) in the murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. Overall, we observed a significant down-regulation of gene expressions for pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and related receptors. There were also common and virus-specific changes in the immune-regulated gene expressions for each poxvirus-infected RAW cells. Collectively our results showed that the murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line is a suitable cell-based model system to study poxvirus host response.
痘病毒是一种大型、线状、双链 DNA 病毒，大小约为 130 至 230 kbp，起源于动物并进化为感染广泛的宿主范围。天花病毒（VARV）是引起天花的痘病毒，仅感染人类，但其他痘病毒，如猴痘病毒和牛痘病毒（CPXV）已从动物传播到人类。因此，了解痘病毒的生物学特性可以设计出抗病毒策略来预防这些人类感染。在这项研究中，我们使用系统生物学方法研究了三种正痘病毒（CPXV、牛痘病毒和兔痘病毒）在鼠源巨噬细胞 RAW 264.7 细胞系中的宿主反应。总的来说，我们观察到促炎细胞因子、趋化因子及其相关受体的基因表达显著下调。在每种痘病毒感染的 RAW 细胞中，免疫调节基因的表达也存在共同和病毒特异性的变化。总之，我们的结果表明，鼠源巨噬细胞 RAW 264.7 细胞系是研究痘病毒宿主反应的合适细胞模型系统。
