Motorin Yuri, Marchand Virginie
UMR7365 IMoPA, Biopôle, CNRS-Lorraine University, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
UMS2008 IBSLor, Biopôle, CNRS-Lorraine University-INSERM, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
Genes (Basel). 2018 Dec 18;9(12):642. doi: 10.3390/genes9120642.
Ribose 2'-O-methylation is certainly one of the most common RNA modifications found in almost any type of cellular RNA. It decorates transfer RNAs (tRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) (and most probably small nucleolar RNAs, snoRNAs), as well as regulatory RNAs like microRNAs (miRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and finally, eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Due to this exceptional widespread of RNA 2'-O-methylation, considerable efforts were made in order to precisely map these numerous modifications. Extensive studies of RNA 2'-O-methylation were also stimulated by the discovery of C/D-box snoRNA-guided machinery, which insures site-specific modification of hundreds 2'-O-methylated residues in archaeal and eukaryotic rRNAs and some other RNAs. In this brief review we discussed both traditional approaches of RNA biochemistry and also modern deep sequencing-based methods, used for detection/mapping and quantification of RNA 2'-O-methylations.
核糖2'-O-甲基化无疑是几乎在任何类型的细胞RNA中都能发现的最常见的RNA修饰之一。它修饰转运RNA（tRNA）、核糖体RNA（rRNA）、小核RNA（snRNA）（很可能还有小核仁RNA，即snoRNA），以及诸如微小RNA（miRNA）和Piwi相互作用RNA（piRNA）等调控RNA，最后还有真核生物信使RNA（mRNA）。由于RNA 2'-O-甲基化这种异常广泛的存在，人们付出了相当大的努力来精确绘制这些众多的修饰。对RNA 2'-O-甲基化的广泛研究还受到C/D盒snoRNA引导机制发现的推动，该机制确保了古细菌和真核生物rRNA以及其他一些RNA中数百个2'-O-甲基化残基的位点特异性修饰。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了用于检测/绘制和定量RNA 2'-O-甲基化的RNA生物化学传统方法以及基于现代深度测序的方法。
