Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
California Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Perinatol. 2019 Feb;39(2):286-294. doi: 10.1038/s41372-018-0299-0. Epub 2018 Dec 20.
Examine the risk of preterm birth (PTB, < 37 weeks) and early term birth (37-38 weeks) for women with reported drug abuse/dependence.
The population was drawn from singleton livebirths in California from 2007 to 2012. Drug abuse/dependence was determined from maternal diagnostic codes (opioid, cocaine, cannabis, amphetamine, other, or polysubstance). Relative risks, adjusted for maternal factors were calculated for PTB and early term birth.
Of the 2,890,555 women in the sample, 1.7% (n = 48,133) had a diagnostic code for drug abuse/dependence. The percentage of PTBs varied from 11.6% (cannabis) to 24.3% (cocaine), compared with 6.7% of women without reported drug abuse/dependence.
Women with reported drug abuse/dependence during pregnancy were at increased risk of having a PTB and all but those using cannabis were at risk of having an early term birth. Women using cocaine and polysubstance were at the highest risk of birth < 32 weeks.
研究报告滥用/依赖药物的女性发生早产（<37 周）和足月产前期（37-38 周）的风险。
该人群来自于 2007 年至 2012 年加利福尼亚州的单胎活产儿。药物滥用/依赖是通过母亲的诊断代码（阿片类药物、可卡因、大麻、苯丙胺、其他或多物质）确定的。调整了母亲因素后，计算了早产和足月产前期的相对风险。
在样本中的 2890555 名女性中，有 1.7%（n=48133）有药物滥用/依赖的诊断代码。早产的百分比从 11.6%（大麻）到 24.3%（可卡因）不等，而没有报告药物滥用/依赖的女性早产率为 6.7%。
怀孕期间报告有药物滥用/依赖的女性发生早产的风险增加，除了使用大麻的女性外，所有女性发生足月产前期的风险都增加。使用可卡因和多物质的女性发生<32 周分娩的风险最高。
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