Li Joseph Km, Teoh Jeremy Yc, Ng Chi-Fai
S. H. Ho Urology Center, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Int J Urol. 2019 Feb;26(2):172-183. doi: 10.1111/iju.13885. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Urinary stone disease, or urolithiasis, is a very common disease with increasing prevalence and incidence. With the advancement of endoscopic techniques, the treatment outcomes of ureteroscopy (or transureteral lithotripsy) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are continuously improving. In recent years, there have been many new developments in the field, including new endoscopy design, more effective auxiliary tools, improvement in treatment protocols, introduction of robotic technology, combining both ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery or transureteral lithotripsy-assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy), improvement in laser technology, and so on. All these new inputs will further improve the treatment efficacy and safety of the procedures, thus benefiting our patients. In the present review, we briefly go through the main steps of ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy, with a concise description and application of these new advances.
尿石症，即尿路结石病，是一种非常常见的疾病，其患病率和发病率都在不断上升。随着内镜技术的进步，输尿管镜检查（或经输尿管碎石术）和经皮肾镜取石术的治疗效果不断改善。近年来，该领域有许多新进展，包括新型内镜设计、更有效的辅助工具、治疗方案的改进、机器人技术的引入、输尿管镜检查与经皮肾镜取石术相结合（内镜联合肾内手术或经输尿管碎石术辅助经皮肾镜取石术）、激光技术的改进等等。所有这些新进展将进一步提高手术的治疗效果和安全性，从而使我们的患者受益。在本综述中，我们简要介绍输尿管镜检查和经皮肾镜取石术的主要步骤，并简要描述和应用这些新进展。
