Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27),Instituto de Psiquiatria,Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP,Faculdade de Medicina,Universidade de Sao Paulo,Sao Paulo,SP,Brazil.
Laboratório de Psicopatologia e Terapêutica Psiquiátrica (LIM-23/ProSER),Instituto de Psiquiatria,Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP,Faculdade de Medicina,Universidade de Sao Paulo,Sao Paulo,SP,BrazilEmail:
Int Psychogeriatr. 2018 Dec;30(12):1741-1742. doi: 10.1017/S1041610218001874.
Bailly et al. (2018) examined the trajectory of spirituality in a cohort of 567 non-institutionalized older adults living in Tours, France, during a period of five years. The measurements for spirituality (Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, DES), social support (Satisfaction with Social Support subscale of the Duke Social Support Index), and accommodative tendencies (Flexible Goal Adjustment) were longitudinally collected at three time points (2007, 2009, and 2012). The results of the study confirmed some expected observations, such as higher levels of spirituality among religious older adults when compared with the ones without religion, and older women reporting higher levels of spirituality than older men. But the most interesting finding was the observation that the measured levels of spirituality among older adults remained stable during this five-year period. Based on a growing number of studies and theories of aging suggesting that the levels of spirituality increases during a person's lifetime, one would expect an increase in the levels of spirituality along the study follow-up. The authors, however, interpreted the stable level of spirituality informed by the participants as having already reached a relatively high mean rating score of spirituality at baseline. From the beginning of the trail, many participants expressed self-contentment and reported having found meaning in their lives. Moreover, the responders had, in general, more years of education than expected for people in their age group, lived at home independently with a good self-health evaluation, had relatively fewer diseases, and a good perception of financial satisfaction; these characteristics perhaps make this group not representative of the French general population in the same age bracket.
巴利等人（2018 年）在法国图尔对 567 名非机构化的老年成年人进行了为期五年的研究，考察了他们的精神轨迹。精神状况（每日精神体验量表，DES）、社会支持（杜克社会支持指数的社会支持满意度子量表）和适应倾向（灵活目标调整）的测量在三个时间点（2007 年、2009 年和 2012 年）进行了纵向收集。研究结果证实了一些预期的观察结果，例如与没有宗教信仰的老年人相比，宗教老年人的精神水平更高，老年女性的精神水平高于老年男性。但最有趣的发现是观察到，在这五年期间，老年人的精神水平保持稳定。越来越多的研究和衰老理论表明，一个人的精神水平在其一生中会增加，因此，人们预计在研究随访期间，精神水平会增加。然而，作者将参与者所报告的稳定精神水平解释为在基线时已经达到了相对较高的精神平均评分。从研究开始，许多参与者就表达了自我满足感，并报告说在生活中找到了意义。此外，与同龄人相比，这些应答者通常受教育程度更高，独立在家中居住，自我健康评估良好，疾病相对较少，对财务满意度的看法较好；这些特征或许使该组人群不能代表同年龄段的法国一般人群。
