"Dunărea de Jos" University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Domnească Street, 47, RO-800008, Galati, Romania; Vilnius University, NanoTechnas - Centre of Nanotechnology and Material Science, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; Vilnius University, Department of Physical Chemistry, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
"Dunărea de Jos" University of Galati, Faculty of Science and Environment, Domnească Street, 47, RO-800008, Galati, Romania.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2019 Mar 1;175:671-679. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.024. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
In this research we report the biological synthesis of electrically conducting polymer - Polypyrrole (Ppy). Cell-assisted enzymatic polymerization/oligomerization of Ppy was achieved using whole cell culture and cell-free crude enzyme extract from two white-rot fungal cultures. The selected fungal strains belong to Trametes spp., known laccase producers, commonly applied in bioremediation and bioelectrochemical fields. The biocatalytic reaction was initiated in situ through the copper-containing enzymes biosynthesized within the cell cultures under submerged aerobe cultivation conditions. The procedure was inspired by successful reports of laccase-catalyzed pyrrole polymerization. The usage of whole culture and/or crude enzyme extract has the advantage of overcoming enzyme purification and minimizing the liability of enzyme inactivation through improved stability of enzymes in their natural environment. Spectral and electrochemical techniques (UV-vis spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy; cyclic voltammetry (CV)) and pH measurements provided insight into the evolution of pyrrole polymerization/oligomerization and the electrochemical features of the final product. Microscopy techniques (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)) were primary tools for visualization of the formed Ppy particles. The relevance of our research is twofold: Ppy prepared in crude enzyme extract results in enzyme encapsulated within Ppy and/or Ppy-modified fungal cells can be formed when polymerization occurs in whole cell culture. The route of biocatalysis can be chosen according to the desired bioelectrochemical application. The reported study focuses on the improvement of charge transfer through the fungal cell membrane and/or cell wall by modification of the fungal cells with conducting polymer - polypyrrole.
在这项研究中，我们报告了电导率聚合物-聚吡咯（Ppy）的生物合成。使用来自两种白腐真菌培养物的全细胞培养物和无细胞粗酶提取物，实现了细胞辅助的 Ppy 酶促聚合/齐聚。所选的真菌菌株属于 Trametes spp.，是已知的漆酶产生菌，通常应用于生物修复和生物电化学领域。生物催化反应是通过在悬浮有氧培养条件下细胞培养物内合成的含铜酶原位引发的。该方法的灵感来自漆酶催化吡咯聚合的成功报道。使用全培养物和/或粗酶提取物的优点是克服了酶的纯化，并通过提高酶在其自然环境中的稳定性来最小化酶失活的责任。光谱和电化学技术（紫外可见光谱、红外光谱；循环伏安法（CV））和 pH 值测量提供了对吡咯聚合/齐聚演变和最终产物电化学特性的深入了解。显微镜技术（光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM））是形成 Ppy 颗粒可视化的主要工具。我们的研究具有双重相关性：在粗酶提取物中制备的 Ppy 导致酶封装在 Ppy 内，并且当在全细胞培养物中发生聚合时，可以形成 Ppy 修饰的真菌细胞。可以根据所需的生物电化学应用选择生物催化途径。该报道的研究重点是通过用导电聚合物-聚吡咯修饰真菌细胞来改善通过真菌细胞膜和/或细胞壁的电荷转移。
