Plant Breeding Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany.
BMC Plant Biol. 2018 Dec 29;18(1):380. doi: 10.1186/s12870-018-1606-9.
Increasing the productivity of rapeseed as one of the widely cultivated oil crops in the world is of upmost importance. As flowering time and plant architecture play a key role in the regulation of rapeseed yield, understanding the genetic mechanism underlying these traits can boost the rapeseed breeding. Meristem identity genes are known to have pleiotropic effects on plant architecture and seed yield in various crops. To understand the function of one of the meristem identity genes, APETALA1 (AP1) in rapeseed, we performed phenotypic analysis of TILLING mutants under greenhouse conditions. Three stop codon mutant families carrying a mutation in Bna.AP1.A02 paralog were analyzed for different plant architecture and seed yield-related traits.
It was evident that stop codon mutation in the K domain of Bna.AP1.A02 paralog caused significant changes in flower morphology as well as plant architecture related traits like plant height, branch height, and branch number. Furthermore, yield-related traits like seed yield per plant and number of seeds per plants were also significantly altered in the same mutant family. Apart from phenotypic changes, stop codon mutation in K domain of Bna.AP1.A02 paralog also altered the expression of putative downstream target genes like Bna.TFL1 and Bna.FUL in shoot apical meristem (SAM) of rapeseed. Mutant plants carrying stop codon mutations in the COOH domain of Bna.AP1.A02 paralog did not have a significant effect on plant architecture, yield-related traits or the expression of the downstream targets.
We found that Bna.AP1.A02 paralog has pleiotropic effect on plant architecture and yield-related traits in rapeseed. The allele we found in the current study with a beneficial effect on seed yield can be incorporated into rapeseed breeding pool to develop new varieties.
提高油菜作为世界上广泛种植的油料作物之一的生产力至关重要。由于开花时间和植物结构在油菜产量的调节中起着关键作用，因此了解这些特征的遗传机制可以促进油菜的育种。众所周知，分生组织身份基因在各种作物的植物结构和种子产量中具有多效性。为了了解油菜中一个分生组织身份基因 APETALA1（AP1）的功能，我们在温室条件下对 TILLING 突变体进行了表型分析。对携带 Bna.AP1.A02 基因家族中的一个突变的三个终止密码突变体家族进行了不同的植物结构和与种子产量相关的性状分析。
Bna.AP1.A02 基因家族中的 K 结构域中的终止密码突变明显改变了花形态以及与植物结构相关的性状，如株高、分枝高度和分枝数。此外，同一突变体家族中与产量相关的性状，如单株种子产量和单株种子数也发生了显著变化。除了表型变化外，Bna.AP1.A02 基因家族中的 K 结构域中的终止密码突变也改变了油菜茎尖分生组织（SAM）中推定的下游靶基因如 Bna.TFL1 和 Bna.FUL 的表达。在 Bna.AP1.A02 基因家族中的 COOH 结构域中携带终止密码突变的突变体植物对植物结构、与产量相关的性状或下游靶基因的表达没有显著影响。
我们发现 Bna.AP1.A02 基因家族在油菜的植物结构和与产量相关的性状上具有多效性。我们在本研究中发现的对种子产量有有益影响的等位基因可以被纳入油菜育种库中，以开发新品种。
