Lancaster University, UK.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Jul;36(13-14):6621-6646. doi: 10.1177/0886260518820815. Epub 2018 Dec 29.
This article reports findings from the first empirical study in the United Kingdom on forced-to-penetrate cases, where a man is forced to penetrate a woman either orally, vaginally, or anally with his penis and without his consent. Using an online survey, data were collected in relation to the physical and emotional impacts experienced by 154 men following their most recent forced-to-penetrate experience. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through the use of closed and open-ended survey questions, where participants were asked about the context and circumstances of their most recent experience and whether they had suffered any physical injuries. A unipolar scale was used to measure the emotional impact on participants, with an open-ended follow-up question gathering qualitative data. The majority of participants did not report suffering physical injuries, but those that did suffered injuries to their genitalia and upper bodies. Participants most frequently indicated that their most recent forced-to-penetrate experience had had a severe negative emotional impact on them. Negative emotional impacts disclosed by participants were complex, ranging from anxiety and depression, to self-harm and suicidal thoughts and attempts. Quantitative analysis highlighted that when certain variables were present, participants more frequently reported physical injuries, as well as higher average levels of emotional harm. The findings from the study challenge existing understandings of masculinity and rigid sex and gender roles, which assume that men will always consent to sexual activity with a woman and that they cannot or do not experience emotional or physical harms at the hands of a woman. The findings are also considered in relation their implications for law and legal discourse, where evidence of harm is used as a justification for the criminalisation of certain behaviors and the severity of the legal response through sentencing.
本文报告了在英国进行的首例关于被迫插入案例的实证研究结果，即在未经男性同意的情况下，男性被迫用阴茎对女性进行口交、阴道性交或肛交。研究采用在线调查的方式，收集了 154 名男性最近一次被迫插入经历后身体和情感影响的数据。通过使用封闭式和开放式调查问题收集定量和定性数据，要求参与者描述他们最近一次经历的背景和情况，以及是否遭受任何身体伤害。使用单极量表衡量对参与者的情感影响，并通过开放式后续问题收集定性数据。大多数参与者没有报告身体受伤，但那些受伤的人是生殖器和上半身受伤。大多数参与者表示，他们最近的被迫插入经历对他们产生了严重的负面影响。参与者透露的负面情绪影响复杂，从焦虑和抑郁到自残和自杀念头和尝试。定量分析强调，当存在某些变量时，参与者更频繁地报告身体受伤，以及更高的平均情感伤害水平。研究结果挑战了现有的关于男性气质和僵化的性别角色的理解，这些理解假设男性总是会同意与女性发生性行为，而且他们不会或不会在女性手中遭受情感或身体伤害。研究结果还结合了它们对法律和法律话语的影响，其中伤害证据被用作将某些行为刑事化以及通过判刑对法律反应的严重程度进行合理化的依据。
