School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China; Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Tianjin SF-Bio Industrial Bio-tec Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300462, China.
School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Apr 1;659:140-149. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.246. Epub 2018 Dec 17.
Eleven major phthalic acid esters (PAEs) congeners were analyzed for PM samples collected at Mount Tai, a high elevation mountain site in northern China from June to August 2015. The results showed that the average concentration of PAEs in PM was 19.48ngm, and bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) were the predominant species in particle-phase, whereas diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) were the prevailing PAEs in gas-phase. PAE concentrations decreased at the beginning of cloud/fog events, while they increased after the cloud/fog events since the liquid-phase PAEs could be absorbed by solid-phase PAEs. Potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the highest PSCF value of air masses were mainly sourced from southwest of Mount Tai and multiple sources contributed to PAEs. A Monte Carlo simulation was applied to estimate the incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) from inhalation exposure on the basis of DEHP concentrations. The estimated values of ILCR for the general population were lower than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency threshold, which is 10. However, since the local population was exposed to various local emission sources, the actual health risk is undervalued.
2015 年 6 月至 8 月，在中国北方高海拔的泰山采集大气颗粒物样品，分析了其中 11 种邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）同系物。结果表明，泰山大气颗粒物中 PAEs 的平均浓度为 19.48ngm，其中邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DIBP）是颗粒相中的主要成分，而邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）和邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）则是气相中的主要 PAEs。云/雾事件发生初期，PAE 浓度降低，而云/雾事件结束后，PAE 浓度升高，因为液相 PAEs 可能被固相 PAEs 吸收。潜在源贡献函数（PSCF）分析和主成分分析（PCA）表明，气团的最高 PSCF 值主要来源于泰山的西南方向，并且多种源贡献了 PAEs。蒙特卡罗模拟被用来基于 DEHP 浓度来估算吸入暴露导致的增量终生癌症风险（ILCR）。一般人群的估计 ILCR 值低于美国环境保护署的阈值（10），但是，由于当地居民暴露于各种本地排放源，实际的健康风险被低估了。
